Evidence cluster — copper-associated hepatopathy in dogs: dietary copper etiology & restriction (peer-reviewed, Europe PMC)

evidence_canine_copper_hepatopathy_diet

Source: first-hand peer-reviewed abstracts (Europe PMC / PubMed efetch), reproduced verbatim. Each claim below is a C1 substring of the cited source file.

Claims (C1 — verbatim substrings of source_file)

1. PMID 41427142 — Comparative review of copper-associated chronic hepatitis in dogs and Wilson disease in humans (peer-reviewed, 2025). Abstract (opening): Copper-associated chronic hepatitis (CAH) in dogs and Wilson disease (WD) in humans are progressive hepatic disorders caused by copper accumulation. Although both diseases share similar pathomechanisms of copper-induced liver injury, they diverge in some aspects of etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic strategies.
2. PMID 38221962 — Copper metabolism and its implications for canine nutrition (peer-reviewed, 2024). Abstract (opening): Canine copper nutrition has received increased attention due to recent reports of apparent copper-associated hepatitis in the USA and European Union. In order to properly address the need to modify the U.S.

Source: pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_copper_hepatopathy_2026-07-30.txt