South Korea — CITES / exotic (non-domestic) wildlife import, export and private-keeping trade restrictions (Wildlife Protection and Management Act + CITES)
First-hand facts from the Korean Ministry of Environment's official Wildlife Integrated Management System (WIMS) CITES permit guidance — the government's own statement of the rules implementing the Wildlife Protection and Management Act (야생생물 보호 및 관리에 관한 법률) and CITES for keeping, importing and trading exotic/non-domestic species. The verbatim Korean snippets below are exact substrings of the cited source and C1-substring verified; an English gloss follows each. This is the Korean framework governing exotic-pet (CITES-listed) import, commercial trade and private keeping.
Scope of permit control
- KR-1 (verbatim): "CITES 부속서 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ에 등재된 모든 동·식물" — All animals and plants listed in CITES Appendices I, II and III are subject to export/import permit control.
Commercial / private-keeping import ban (key exotic-pet rule)
- KR-2 (verbatim): "상업용(개인 사육) 목적으로 CITES 포유류·조류(앵무목 제외) 전종 수출‧입 불가" — For commercial (private-keeping) purposes, the export/import of ALL CITES mammal and bird species (except parrots, Psittaciformes) is prohibited.
- KR-3 (verbatim): "상기에 해당하지 않더라도 부속서 Ⅰ 생물종의 경우 상업용 목적으로 수출‧입할 수 없음" — Even where not otherwise covered, Appendix I species may not be exported/imported for commercial purposes.
- KR-4 (verbatim): "살아있는 부속서 I, II, III 종을 순회전시, 인공증식 및 유통‧판매 등 상업적 목적으로 수출‧입할 경우 과학당국 의견 수렴 후 수출‧입 허가 여부 결정" — Live Appendix I/II/III species exported/imported for commercial touring exhibitions, captive breeding, distribution or sale require scientific-authority review before a permit decision.
Captive-bred and personal-pet allowances
- KR-5 (verbatim): "외국에서 판매용으로 인공증식된 것 중 국내 생태계 교란의 우려가 없는 종으로서 환경부 장관이 정하여 고시하는 종을 수입 또는 반입하는 경우" — Import is allowed for species commercially captive-bred abroad that are designated by the Minister of Environment as not threatening the domestic ecosystem.
- KR-6 (verbatim): "일시 체류를 목적으로 입국하는 사람이 출국 시 반출하기 위하여 애완용 국제적 멸종위기종 등을 반입하는 경우(P)" — A temporary visitor may bring in pet internationally-endangered species (to take them back out on departure) under code P.
Interaction with domestic endangered-species law
- KR-7 (verbatim): "CITES 종이면서 동시에 국내멸종위기종일 경우 [야생생물 보호 및 관리에 관한 법률 제14조제6항](https://www.law.go.kr/법령/야생생물보호및관리에 관한 법률 "새창열림") 에 따라 CITES 허가만 받아도 됨" — Where a species is both CITES-listed and a domestic endangered species, obtaining the CITES permit alone suffices under article 14(6) of the Wildlife Protection and Management Act.