Evidence: Pet rat and mouse (Rattus norvegicus) clinical cases
Source: Europe PMC (Europe PubMed Central) REST search — first-hand peer-reviewed abstract records, pulled 2026-08-01. Queries covered clinical case reports and case series for Rattus norvegicus. The cluster returns 12 representative clinical cases with abstracts below. Abstract text is verbatim from source; each case is traceable by PMID.
Studies
- PMID 42245977 (2026, Frontiers in veterinary science) — Uterine choriocarcinoma associated with ovarian cysts in a <i>Cavia porcellus</i>: a clinical case.. Abstract (opening): A 3. 5-year-old female guinea pig was presented for suspected hematuria. Hematology, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, and fecal examination were within normal limits; however, diagnostic imaging revealed multiple ovarian cysts and a uterine mass without evidence of metastasis. The animal underwent an ovariohysterectomy to remove the mass but died 6 h after anesthetic recovery. Histopathological examination identified a uterine adenoma with focal choriocarcinoma, associated with polycystic ovarian disease. To the authors' knowledge, this represents only the second reported case of uterine choriocarcinoma in the guinea pig. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of uterine choriocarcinoma in a guinea pig documented with a complete clinical, surgical, diagnostic imaging, histopathological, and necropsy evaluation.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42245977/
- PMID 42193054 (2026, Current issues in molecular biology) — WWOX-Related Epileptic Encephalopathy (WOREE Syndrome): Clinical Case Study and Literature Review.. Abstract (opening): The WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (<i>WWOX</i>) gene, well-known as a tumor suppressor, also has a crucial role as a transcription factor in the developing brain. The bi-allelic loss of the <i>WWOX</i> gene causes a condition characterized by drug-resistant epilepsy, developmental delay, and neurological impairments, often resulting in mortality within the first year of life, known as <i>WWOX</i>-related epileptic encephalopathy (WOREE) syndrome (MIM: 616211). Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) analysis was performed on a female patient who died within three months of birth and was diagnosed with microcephaly, severe early-onset refractory seizures, and drug-resistant epileptic encephalopathy. WES revealed a 38 kb CNV deletion spanning <i>WWOX</i> exons 6-7, and a known frameshift variant in exon 8, impairing a highly clinically significant region of the encoded protein. Clinical and genetic features of reported WOREE patients with <i>WWOX</i> gene deletions similar to our patient were analyzed. Our case highlights the clinical heterogeneity of <i>WWOX</i> variants in WOREE syndrome and expands the spectrum of reported compound heterozygous deletions. Further research needs to elucidate <i>WWOX</i> pathophysiology and improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42193054/
- PMID 42453524 (2026, Tzu chi medical journal) — Therapeutic potential of adipose-derived stem cell transplantation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A combined clinical case and preclinical study.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Objectives</h4>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an inevitably fatal neurodegenerative disease with no adequate treatment. Transplantation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) may be an effective therapeutic strategy for delaying progression or restoring neurological function in ALS.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>We evaluated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) and intracerebral (i.c.) ADSC injection in a late-stage ALS patient and in a SOD1 transgenic (Tg) mouse model. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were conducted to examine potential cerebral hemorrhage and tumor generation in the treated patient. In addition, maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, tidal volume, and respiratory rate were measured as indices of respiratory function.<h4>Results</h4>ADSC transplantation was safe, with MRI and CT showing no hemorrhage or tumorigenesis up to 12 months. The patient's Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised score improved from 7 to 9 at 3 months and remained above baseline for 6 months. Respiratory function was preserved during this period. In SOD1 Tg mice, i.c. and i.v. ADSC infusion significantly prolonged survival (165.0 ± 10.4 and 147.3 ± 4.5 days vs. 129.7 ± 3.9 days) and improved motor scores (<i>P</i> < 0.01).<h4>Conclusion</h4>This preliminary finding suggests potential therapeutic feasibility, but further studies with larger cohorts are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42453524/
- PMID 41590242 (2026, Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)) — Intradermal Application of Allogenic Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Chronic Post-Thoracotomy Wound in an Elderly Patient After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Clinical Case with Brief Literature Review.. Abstract (opening): <b>Background:</b> Chronically non-healing thoracic wounds after cardiac and non-cardiac thoracotomy, including cases when coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is performed, represent a great clinical challenge. It is often that a conservative treatment of the wounds does not provide effective regeneration of the damaged tissues. It is especially critical in patients with infected wounds, in patients owning a systemic infection, and in elderly people. <b>Methods:</b> The article presents a case report of successful treatment of a 63-year-old man with refractory chronic osteomyelitis of the sternum and mediastinitis four years after CABG, complicated by COVID-19 at the time of reconstructive surgery. Due to the low effectiveness of conservative treatment methods, a two-stage approach was applied: radical surgical wound debridement followed by infiltration of the wound with allogenic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of Wharton's jelly (WJ-MSCs). <b>Results:</b> This double-stage therapy successfully modulated the inflammatory environment and stimulated granulation, facilitating final thoracoplasty and osteosynthesis. The patient achieved complete healing of the sternum, demonstrating benefits of WJ-MSCs in treating conservative treatment-resistant infections in the surgical wound. <b>Conclusions:</b> The advantages of using perinatal mesenchymal stem cells, with WJ-MSCs as a type of this class of MSCs, were demonstrated in treating chronically infected sternal surgical wounds. We also compared their regenerative properties to other stem cell types like bone marrow MSCs.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41590242/
- PMID 42327844 (2026, Case reports in dentistry) — Sialoblastoma of the Minor Salivary Glands: A Case Report.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>Sialoblastoma is a rare malignant epithelial tumor of the salivary glands, predominantly affecting children, with approximately 60 cases reported in the literature. It most commonly involves the parotid gland but may also arise from the submandibular and minor salivary glands. Clinically, it usually presents as a painless mass, with metastatic potential being uncommon.<h4>Case presentation</h4>We report the case of a 9-year-old girl, otherwise in good general health, presenting with a painless solid mass in the buccal mucosa. Diagnostic evaluation included fine-needle aspiration, incisional biopsy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging. The lesion was surgically excised, and the resulting defect was reconstructed using a Bichat's fat pad flap. Histopathological examination confirmed sialoblastoma originating from the minor salivary glands.<h4>Outcomes</h4>Complete surgical excision with clear margins was achieved. Postoperative follow-up with MRI and chest X-rays demonstrated no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. No adjuvant therapy was required given the complete resection and favorable histological features.<h4>Discussion</h4>Pediatric sialoblastoma is extremely rare, and evidence regarding management is limited. Complete surgical resection with clear margins remains the gold standard. Although recurrence occurs in approximately 25% of cases, early diagnosis and intervention are associated with excellent prognosis, with a reported 5-year survival rate of 95.5%. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy is reserved for advanced or recurrent cases due to potential long-term adverse effects.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The rarity of sialoblastoma limits the development of standardized diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. Treatment should be individualized based on patient and tumor characteristics; however, surgical excision remains the cornerstone of management.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42327844/
- PMID 42299385 (2026, AME case reports) — Unusual presentation of scleroderma: case report.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>The combination of neurological, cardiac, and pulmonary disease in patients with systemic sclerosis (SS) is rare. The aim of the study was to report a patient with SS who manifested with migraine without aura, Raynaud's phenomenon, pulmonary hypertension, and postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS), a combination which has not been previously reported.<h4>Case description</h4>The patient is a 53-year-old Caucasian woman with diffuse cutaneous SS who was treated with methotrexate and developed migraine without aura since the age of 6 years. Since age 31 years, she developed Raynaud's phenomenon with several attacks daily, which could be triggered by cold and also occurred in summer. At the age of 52 years, pulmonary fibrosis with secondary pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed and bosentan was administered. At the age of 53 years, POTS was diagnosed. The frequency of migraine was one per week at the age of 53 years.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This case shows that migraine can be the initial manifestation of diffuse cutaneous SS, followed by Raynaud's syndrome, pulmonary hypertension and POTS.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42299385/
- PMID 42180422 (2026, Urology case reports) — Bilateral Hutch diverticula presenting as "Mickey Mouse bladder" in a child: A case report.. Abstract (opening): Congenital bladder diverticula are rare in children. The Mickey Mouse bladder refers to a specific radiological sign that appears in bilateral paraureteral diverticula. We describe an 11-year-old boy presented with lower urinary symptoms. Imaging studies showed bilateral Hutch diverticula without vesicoureteral reflux. Urodynamic studies showed detrusor overactivity with bladder-sphincter dyssynergia. The patient was managed conservatively with clean intermittent catheterization and anticholinergic medication, and he had a significant clinical response without surgery. This case emphasizes the role of functional studies and supports conservative management in cases where bladder dysfunction is the major underlying problem.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42180422/
- PMID 42290822 (2026, Clinical case reports) — Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation Arising From the Second Rib: A Case Report.. Abstract (opening): Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation (BPOP) is a rare benign lesion, first described by Nora et al. in 1983, that typically affects the small bones of the hands and feet. We report a rare case of BPOP arising from the left second rib in a 41-year-old man, which was incidentally detected as a "pulmonary mass" on the chest X-ray during a routine health checkup. CT imaging revealed a lesion measuring 4.1 × 2.2 cm in size in the second left rib, and we performed surgical resection for both diagnosis and treatment. Postoperative histopathological examination revealed the diagnosis of BPOP. This case underscores the importance of including BPOP in the differential diagnosis of rib lesions, especially when the imaging findings suggest a benign osteocartilaginous lesion. Given the potential of the lesion for recurrence, long-term follow-up of persons with BPOP is recommended.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42290822/
- PMID 42063453 (2026, Case reports in veterinary medicine) — Cutaneous Melanoma in a Rabbit With Multiple Metastatic Lesions: A Case Report.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>Neoplasia is increasingly common in senior pet rabbits, with cutaneous melanoma being a rare but aggressive type. Its characteristics in rabbits are not fully understood.<h4>Case description</h4>A 5-year-old rabbit initially presented with a cutaneous mass at the ear base. Despite surgical excision, it recurred rapidly with multiple facial/chest masses and pulmonary metastases, leading to euthanasia. Pathological evaluation confirmed malignant melanoma, revealing features such as high mitotic activity and lymphovascular invasion; immunohistochemistry provided the definitive diagnosis.<h4>Conclusion and clinical relevance</h4>This case highlights the highly aggressive and metastatic nature of cutaneous melanoma in rabbits, often resulting in a poor prognosis. Clinicians should be aware of melanoma's aggressive potential in rabbits. Surgical intervention alone may prove inadequate, and current treatment options in rabbits are limited. In this case, surgical intervention was not effective, likely because micrometastasis was already present. Treatment options remain limited, and euthanasia is often required in metastatic cases.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42063453/
- PMID 42225084 (2026, Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.)) — Case Report: Synchronous Manifestations of Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus-Associated Disorders.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) is associated with multiple clinical manifestations, including primary effusion lymphoma, an aggressive CD38+ B cell lymphoma with a plasmablastic phenotype.<h4>Case</h4>This case describes an antiretroviral therapy-adherent person with HIV who presented with concurrent KSHV-related disorders of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), and extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma (EC-PEL). Single-cell RNAseq (scRNAseq) and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) provide detailed insights into differences in cellular composition and viral and cellular transcriptomic differences between these diseases. Moreover, the case describes a long-term remission with single-agent anti-CD38 antibody, daratumumab, in a chemotherapy-refractory case.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This case highlights the differing clinical manifestations of KSHV and the efficacy of immunotherapy in KSHV-associated primary effusion lymphoma.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42225084/
- PMID 42272068 (2026, Journal of clinical laboratory analysis) — Extreme Heterophilic Antibody Interference in BNP Immunoassay: A Case Report and Systematic Investigation Protocol.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>Heterophilic antibody (HA) interference remains a persistent challenge in immunoassay diagnostics. Human anti-mouse antibodies (HAMA) can cause spuriously elevated biomarker results, potentially leading to misdiagnosis and unnecessary clinical interventions. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is critical for heart failure diagnosis, but false-positive results due to HAMA may trigger inappropriate clinical management.<h4>Case presentation</h4>A 53 year-old male with type 2 diabetes presented with markedly elevated BNP (4394-4419 pg/mL; reference < 100 pg/mL) by chemiluminescence immunoassay, despite no heart failure symptoms, normal ejection fraction (62%), and normal NT-proBNP (55.8 pg/mL). This discordance prompted investigation for analytical interference.<h4>Methods</h4>Serial dilution (1:4, 1:8); specific blocking with mouse IgG, goat IgG, polymeric antibodies, and RF blocker; dose-response titration of mouse IgG (200-600 μg/mL); and alternative platform comparison.<h4>Results</h4>Serial dilution showed linear but incomplete recovery (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.998), excluding hook effects. Mouse IgG induced a modest but specific 15.7% reduction in apparent BNP. Even 600 μg/mL mouse IgG achieved only partial blocking (residual BNP 2240 pg/mL), indicating high-titer HAMA exceeding standard blocking capacity.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This case demonstrates extreme HAMA interference causing false-positive BNP > 4000 pg/mL. Standard blocking reagents may be insufficient for high-titer samples. When BNP is discordant with clinical status-especially with normal NT-proBNP-laboratories must use systematic verification to prevent misdiagnosis.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42272068/
- PMID 42410644 (2026, Journal of medical case reports) — Hypereosinophilic syndrome mimicking gastric malignancy: considerations on the challenging diagnosis-a case report and review of the literature.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are rare disorders characterized by the abnormal accumulation of eosinophils, which can lead to organ damage. The clinical manifestations are highly variable and can sometimes mimic tumors, presenting significant diagnostic challenges. This case report emphasizes the difficulty of diagnosing HES, particularly when it presents as a gastric pseudotumor, and the essential role of pathological examination in guiding diagnosis and treatment.<h4>Case presentation</h4>A 51-year-old Chinese Han female with a history of elevated eosinophils presented with epigastric pain, weight loss, and fatigue. Imaging suggested a gastric malignancy with possible metastasis. Despite these findings, biopsies revealed eosinophilic infiltration without malignancy. Based on persistent eosinophilia and multi-organ involvement, HES was diagnosed. The patient was treated with corticosteroids, resulting in significant clinical improvement, confirmed by follow-up imaging and endoscopic examination.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This case highlights the importance of distinguishing HES from malignancies to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions. Early recognition and appropriate corticosteroid treatment can lead to significant improvement, underscoring the importance of careful diagnostic evaluation in cases with ambiguous clinical presentations.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42410644/
Source text: pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_rat_mouse_clinical_2026-08-01.txt (Europe PMC first-hand abstracts, pulled 2026-08-01).