Evidence cluster — Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) clinical cases (peer-reviewed, Europe PMC)

Evidence: Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) clinical cases

Source: Europe PMC (Europe PubMed Central) REST search — first-hand peer-reviewed abstract records, pulled 2026-08-01. Queries covered clinical case reports and case series for Mesocricetus auratus. The cluster returns 12 representative clinical cases with abstracts below. Abstract text is verbatim from source; each case is traceable by PMID.

Studies

• PMID 42533173 (2026, Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics) — Restoration of spermatogenesis in a male with prolactinoma-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism using follitropin delta and recombinant choriogonadotropin alfa: a case report.. Abstract (opening): Follitropin delta is a recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) produced in the human PER.C6 cell line, approved exclusively for controlled ovarian stimulation in women. Its unique glycosylation profile confers distinct pharmacokinetic advantages over Chinese hamster ovary-derived follitropin alfa. To date, no published report exists on the use of follitropin delta in males. The present case describes the first successful off-label use of follitropin delta in combination with recombinant choriogonadotropin alfa (hCG) to restore spermatogenesis in a male patient with prolactinoma-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and exogenous testosterone-associated azoospermia. A 30-year-old male with a 6-cm pituitary prolactinoma diagnosed at age 18, managed with cabergoline, presented with azoospermia following 2 years of testosterone undecanoate replacement therapy. There was confirmed suppression of gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone 0.3 mIU/mL and FSH 0.3 mIU/mL) and prolactin of 100 ng/mL. Hormonal stimulation was initiated with follitropin delta 10 µg twice weekly and hCG alfa (~ 125 µg every 4-5 days), alongside continued cabergoline. After 4 months of therapy, semen analysis revealed sperm concentration of 3.5 million/mL (total sperm count 4.9 million/ejaculate). Testosterone levels normalized, with marked clinical improvement. This case provides the first evidence that follitropin delta can successfully replace conventional FSH preparations in male gonadotropin stimulation protocols. Spermatogenesis was restored within a favorable timeframe, enabling access to assisted reproductive technology (IVF/ICSI). Nevertheless, these findings are limited to a single case report and require confirmation in larger studies.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42533173/

• PMID 41728530 (2026, Cureus) — Anaphylaxis Following a Mouse Bite in a Patient Sensitized to Mouse, Rat, and Hamster: A Case Report.. Abstract (opening): We report a case of anaphylaxis in a man in his 30s following a mouse bite while working in an animal research facility. He developed generalized erythema, wheezing, and hypoxemia consistent with grade 2 anaphylaxis, which resolved after treatment with adrenaline, corticosteroids, antihistamines, and bronchodilators. Serum testing revealed specific IgE to mouse, rat, and hamster, despite no direct exposure to the latter two species. The patient had worked as an animal researcher for 15 years, exclusively handling mice. Before this episode, he reported mouse bites occurring every two to three years, which caused only localized itching. This case highlights the need for preventive measures in laboratory settings and for further investigation into sensitization routes and the potential cross-reactivity among rodent allergens.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41728530/

• PMID 42073492 (2026, Life (Basel, Switzerland)) — "Polyradiculoneuritis" as an Atypical Clinical Presentation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Case Report and Review of Literature.. Abstract (opening): (1) Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by cognitive decline, and motor and psychiatric symptoms; it primarily affects the central nervous system; however, peripheral nervous system involvement has rarely been described, particularly as an atypical presentation. (2) Methods: A 78-year-old Caucasian man, a retired farmer with no family history of neurological disease, presented with diarrhea followed by progressive lower limb weakness, which eventually evolved into encephalopathy and generalized areflexia. An initial diagnosis of inflammatory neuropathy was considered; the diagnostic assessment included blood and cerebrospinal fluid testing, a CT whole body scan, brain MRI, neuropsychological testing, electroencephalography, a nerve conduction study and electromyography. (3) Results: Neurophysiological studies demonstrated an acute asymmetrical sensorimotor, predominantly axonal polyneuropathy, initially suggestive of an axonal form of inflammatory polyradiculoneuritis. This pattern was confirmed on follow-up neurophysiological assessment performed three weeks later. Unexpectedly, the diagnostic course ultimately led to a diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, confirmed by post-mortem neuropathological examination. Based on these findings, we conducted a literature review to summarize the current evidence on CJD-related neuropathy. (4) Conclusions: Our case emphasizes the importance of maintaining clinical suspicion for CJD even in patients presenting with progressive lower limb weakness and suggests that peripheral neuropathy may be concomitant or even precede the CNS manifestations. Careful consideration is required to avoid misdiagnosis of inflammatory neuropathy in the context of neurodegenerative diseases such as CJD.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42073492/

• PMID 42069552 (2026, BMC surgery) — Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (Madelung disease) presenting as cervical lipomatous mass in a middle-aged male with alcohol use in Nepal: A Case Report.. Abstract (opening): Multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL), or Madelung disease, is a rare disorder characterized by symmetrical, non-encapsulated adipose tissue deposition, predominantly involving the neck and upper trunk. It is strongly associated with chronic alcohol consumption.We report a 33-year-old male with a history of regular alcohol intake presenting with a progressively enlarging cervical mass. Imaging revealed bilateral, symmetrical lipomatous deposits consistent with MSL. The patient underwent surgical excision under general anesthesia with satisfactory cosmetic and functional outcomes.This report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and management of MSL, emphasizing the importance of early recognition. A short-term follow-up showed no recurrence; however, long-term surveillance and alcohol cessation remain essential to reduce recurrence risk.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42069552/

• PMID 41816791 (2026, Frontiers in genetics) — Case Report: Association of a rare single nucleotide variant in the KCNH2 gene with drug-induced QT prolongation.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) is characterized by prolonged QT intervals on electrocardiogram, which may progress into life-threatening polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death. Variants in the <i>KCNH2</i> gene have been associated with congenital LQTS, with thousands identified to date but very few clinically characterized.<h4>Objectives</h4>To describe the rare single nucleotide variant <i>KCNH2</i> (NM_000238.4):c.1066C>T (p.Arg356Cys) associated with drug-induced QT prolongation and to assess its pathogenicity risk using <i>in silico</i> tools and protein structural modeling in accordance with American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines.<h4>Methods</h4>Next-generation sequencing was performed for a patient presenting with drug-induced QT prolongation who was found to carry the rare <i>KCNH2</i> 1066C>T variant. Thirteen established gene discovery computational tools were employed to analyze the variant <i>in silico</i>. Additionally, structural modeling of the variant's region within the wild-type protein was performed utilizing AlphaFold.<h4>Results</h4>The clinical phenotype associated with the <i>KCNH2</i> 1066C>T variant has not been previously described in literature, except in combination with a variant in the <i>KCNQ1</i> gene. Computational analysis with a meta-predictor, REVEL, supported variant pathogenicity, while predictive modeling and AlphaMissense illustrated the uncertainty of structural impacts in a disordered region. Risk analysis of the variant performed utilizing ACMG guidelines and ClinGen criteria-specific recommendations resulted in an overall classification of "uncertain significance".<h4>Conclusion</h4>To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting a direct phenotype-to-genotype association between the <i>KCNH2</i> 1066C>T variant and drug-induced QT prolongation, supplemented by <i>in silico</i> analyses and ACMG-based variant risk stratification. Our study underscores the importance of recognizing genetic predisposition in drug-induced QT prolongation and motivate further investigation of <i>KCNH2</i> variants within the N-linker region.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41816791/

• PMID 41866703 (2026, Molecular genetics & genomic medicine) — Reporting a Novel Disease Causing Variant in PGAP3 Associated With Hyperphosphatasia and Intellectual Disability: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>A rare autosomal recessive disorder known as hyperphosphatasia with impaired intellectual development syndrome (HPMRS), also referred to as Mabry syndrome, is caused by a deficiency in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). Elevated blood alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, cognitive impairment, and epileptic seizures are among its key features. These pathways are involved in the synthesis of GPI and the transfer of GPI anchor to the proteins, fatty acid remodeling, and transport of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs).<h4>Methods</h4>Using exome sequencing (ES), the cause of hyperphosphatasia and ID of an 11-year-old girl from non-consanguineous parents was solved, and the results confirmed by direct Sanger sequencing method.<h4>Results</h4>ES identified a novel homozygous pathogenic variant, PGAP3 (NM_033419.5: c.202dupT, p.Cys68fs*2) that segregated within the family members. To the best of our knowledge at the time of writing this manuscript, this variant has not been reported in HPMRS in the literature.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings indicate that the p.Cys68fs*2 variant may disrupt normal protein function and likely disrupt its interaction with its associated partner proteins, potentially leading to disruption of GPI biosynthesis. We present a novel pathogenic variant thus expanding the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of this extremely rare disorder. Elevated ALP assays and ES are valuable diagnostic tools for HPMRS. Additionally, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to expand the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum within the PGAP3 gene responsible for HPMRS.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41866703/

• PMID 42052460 (2026, Frontiers in oncology) — Case Report: a giant gastric stromal tumor spontaneously hemorrhaged after freeze-dried rabies vaccine (Vero-cells) injection for human use.. Abstract (opening): The freeze-dried rabies vaccine (Vero-cells) is generally safe. We present a rare case of a 44-year-old man who developed spontaneous intraperitoneal hemorrhage from a giant gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) shortly after receiving this vaccine. Emergency surgery was performed, and postoperative pathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a high-risk gastric GIST. The patient declined postoperative adjuvant therapy with imatinib. Follow-up evaluations at one year postoperatively indicated stable disease, and he has remained progression-free for 16 months to date, underscoring the indolent biology of gastric GISTs even in high-risk cases. This case serves as an important reminder for clinicians to consider underlying occult GISTs when evaluating acute abdominal symptoms after vaccination. Through this patient's journey, we emphasize the significance of performing comprehensive computed tomography (CT) examinations in patients with giant GISTs prior to rabies vaccination, and underscore the crucial need for heightened vigilance and close monitoring following administration of the freeze-dried rabies vaccine (Vero cells). Potential mechanisms that have been hypothesized to explain spontaneous tumor hemorrhage in this context include vaccine-induced inflammatory cytokine surges and hemodynamic changes. Although a rare case of rabies vaccine-associated thrombocytopenia has been reported, evidence for this mechanism remains limited. Further studies are warranted to clarify the relationship between vaccination and tumor rupture.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42052460/

• PMID 42298609 (2026, Gut pathogens) — Entamoeba histolytica clones presenting transient virulent phenotypes: subsequent fate of forcibly induced virulent clones by hamster's liver abscess model.. Abstract (opening): <h4>Background</h4>Amebiasis, which is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, is prevalent worldwide. Clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic infection to life-threatening extraintestinal disease, and the clinical form can change within one infectious episode. It is also known that periodical animal passages are required for maintaining virulence of E. histolytica in vivo model, such as a hamster liver abscess or murine colitis model. However, it remains uncertain whether or for how long virulence induced by environmental stimuli persists during in vitro passage at the clonal level.<h4>Results</h4>We generated clones from a hamster liver-passaged E. histolytica strain and periodically checked their liver abscess-forming capability during subsequent in vitro passages. We obtained three clones (ALA-1, ALA-5, and ALA-6) that were highly virulent (abscess weight accounting for > 30% of total liver weight in a hamster model). Interestingly, all clones showed reduced virulence, which disappeared completely after 18 months of in vitro passage. Furthermore, the time to loss of virulence varied among the three clones (18, 12, and 6 months for ALA-1, ALA-5, and ALA-6, respectively). Whole-genome sequencing revealed a small number of single nucleotide polymorphisms at different stages in culture, none of which were shared among clones. Transcriptome analysis comparing gene expression between the highly virulent and avirulent states revealed several differentially expressed genes in each clone. However, there was minimal overlap in differentially expressed genes among the three clones, emphasizing the high complexity of virulence expression in E. histolytica.<h4>Conclusions</h4>E. histolytica can transiently adapt their phenotypes according to culture conditions at the clone level. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of this "protean" infectious disease.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42298609/

• PMID 41483683 (2026, EBioMedicine) — Current knowledge on the host-pathogen interactions of henipaviruses and novel platforms to enable further characterisation.. Abstract (opening): Henipaviruses, particularly the species Nipah (NiV) and Hendra (HeV), are emerging viral threats with potential to cause a public health emergency of international concern due to their high virulence and absence of approved preventative and therapeutical countermeasures. Consequently, research of NiV and HeV is restricted to high-containment laboratories and relies heavily on in vitro models. Despite NiV and HeV initial characterisation >25 years ago, significant gaps remain in the knowledge of the host-pathogen interactions, which are an important research focus for design of therapeutics and supportive care modalities. This review summarises current knowledge in the host-pathogen interactions of henipaviruses and critically assesses the current and emerging in vivo and in vitro models for henipavirus research.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41483683/

• PMID 41159859 (2026, The Journal of infectious diseases) — Natural History of Nipah Virus in Hamsters: Strain, Route, and Sex-Associated Variability Characterized Using Large Datasets to Inform Pre-Clinical Study Design.. Abstract (opening): Nipah virus (NiV) comprises two strains, Malaysia and Bangladesh, associated with severe respiratory and/or neurological disease in humans. Experimentally infected Syrian hamsters demonstrate the full spectrum of clinical signs reported in humans, serving as valuable pre-clinical screening models for NiV disease. Medical countermeasure development relies on well-characterized disease models to understand disease progression, guiding pre-clinical and clinical trial design. Variability in NiV-disease presentation and outcome necessitates large group sizes in animal model natural history studies. To advance the use of hamsters in NiV pre-clinical studies, we analyzed in-house data from 19 independent studies comprising over 500 hamsters intranasally or intraperitoneally infected with NiV-Malaysia or NiV-Bangladesh. We demonstrate strain- and route-associated differences in clinical course, lethality, and viral loads, presenting cohort and individual data. These analyses provide key data to guide experimental design for pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and medical countermeasure studies.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41159859/

• PMID 42083984 (2026, Neuropathology and applied neurobiology) — Understanding the Phenotypic Heterogeneity Within the Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease MV1 Subtype.. Abstract (opening): The MV1 subtype of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is one of the least studied. Cases are defined by the presence of the methionine/valine (MV) polymorphism at codon 129 of the PRNP gene and a type 1 immunoblot pattern of pathological prion protein (PrP^D), where the unglycosylated PrP^D fragment migrates at ~21 kDa (T²¹). Because the originally described MV1 cases had T²¹ plus brain pathology indistinguishable from MM1 cases (small vacuoles), the MV1 subtype has historically been grouped with MM1. However, the recent identification of MV1 cases with immunoblot and pathological features similar to the VV1 subtype (T^21-20 doublet, larger vacuoles, ballooned neurons) has raised the possibility that the MV1 subtype is more heterogeneous than originally proposed. Here, we report three MV1 cases that further reveal the heterogeneity of this subtype. All cases were atypical in that they had persistent T²⁰ fragments, in isolation or combination with T²¹ or T¹⁹, when typed at pH 6.9, a finding that would have been missed if typing were undertaken at pH 8.0 only. Fragment proportions differed in different brain regions, and further examination found that the cases had mixed MM1/VV1 features, predominant VV1-like characteristics or features of the MV2C subtype. Two cases had small to intermediate-sized vacuoles and synaptic PrP staining. The third case had intermediate vacuolation, weak synaptic staining and coarse PrP deposits. We also describe, for the first time, the application of asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation as a novel tool to discriminate sCJD subtypes based on size distributions of protease-resistant and protease-sensitive PrP^D. Overall, we propose that MV1 is a more heterogeneous subtype than previously appreciated, potentially existing along a spectrum from MM1-like to VV1-like phenotypes. Importantly, this biochemical heterogeneity may be underrepresented when subtyping is done at pH 8.0, so we recommend CJD subtyping be performed at pH 6.9 to avoid missing atypical or mixed cases.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42083984/

• PMID 41544038 (2026, PloS one) — Effects of glycyrrhizin on healing and prevention of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in hamster models.. Abstract (opening): Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a major type of stomatitis, can significantly impair quality of life. The therapeutic and preventive effects of glycyrrhizin (GL), a compound known for its anti-inflammatory properties, remain unclear due to the lack of appropriate animal models, especially for prevention studies. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic and preventive effects of GL and determine the optimal concentrations using two hamster models (stomatitis-initiation model and stomatitis-healing model) representing the initiation and healing phases of RAS. The effects were evaluated through macroscopic and histological analyses, gene expression profiling in hamster buccal tissues, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) assays in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human oral keratinocytes. In the stomatitis-healing model, a low concentration of GL (0.0065%) significantly increased the cure rate and histologically reduced the numbers of vessels and lymphocytes. In the stomatitis-initiation model, low concentrations of GL (0.0065% and 0.033%) significantly decreased the edema score and histologically reduced the numbers of vessels and neutrophils, as well as the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-6 and cyclooxygenase-2. In contrast, a high concentration of GL (0.33%) showed inferior efficacy compared with low concentrations in both models. Similarly, in LPS-stimulated human oral keratinocytes, low GL concentrations suppressed PGE₂ protein expression, while the highest concentration increased it. These findings show that GL promotes healing and prevents the onset of stomatitis at specific concentrations, underscoring the importance of optimal dosing and supporting the potential clinical application of GL in the management of RAS.

Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41544038/

Source text: pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_hamster_clinical_2026-08-01.txt (Europe PMC first-hand abstracts, pulled 2026-08-01).