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Entlebucher Mountain Dog — Ectopic ureter (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)

companion_breed_health_entlebucher_mountain_dog_omia3660_dog

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--- license: permission_granted topic_id: companion_breed_health_entlebucher_mountain_dog_omia3660_dog category: companion-breed-health title: "Entlebucher Mountain Dog — Ectopic ureter (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)" lang: en source: "OMIA (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals, University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to source_file; C1 substring-verified. Pulled 2026-08-02 from local OMIA database dump." source_file: pdf-raw/breed-health/entlebucher_mountain_dog_omia3660_3660.txt date_parsed: 2026-08-02 tokens_estimated: 560 verification: method: substring_match claims: 6 passed: 6 date: 2026-08-02 recovered: false path: companion-breed-health/companion_breed_health_entlebucher_mountain_dog_omia3660_dog/01_companion_breed_health_entlebucher_mountain_dog_omia3660_dog.md source_document: "OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)" citation: authority: "OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)" title: "Entlebucher Mountain Dog — Ectopic ureter (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)" url: "https://omia.org/OMIA001891/9615/" retrieved: "2026-08-02" ref: "OMIA breed-specific hereditary-disorder records (omia.org), derived from local OMIA database dump; dataset: https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70" doc_type: "academic animal-genetics database (breed-specific disorder entries)" needs_review: false

Entlebucher Mountain Dog — Ectopic ureter (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)

Source: first-hand OMIA (University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to source_file; every claim below is a C1 byte-substring of it.

Claims

  • Breed: Entlebucher Mountain Dog (Dog)
  • Disorder:
  • Mode of inheritance: Multifactorial
  • Clin feat: Ectopic ureter (EU) is a congenital malformation where one or both ureters enter the bladder in an abnormal anatomical position, outside of the trigone area. The ureters enter on the bladder neck, urethra, uterus or vagina (Reichler et al., 2012). Ectopic ureters can be classified in intramural and extramural, depending on if they bypass the bladder or not. The extramural EU bypasses the bladder completely and opens into the possible abnormal anatomical structures, while the intramural enters the bladder wall in the correct anatomic position (trigone area) but extends within the bladder to then open into an abnormal position. Urinary incontinence is the most common clinical sign of EU and affected dogs often present at a very young age (Koie et al., 2000), with males also commonly showing signs of urinary incontinence at a more advanced age (Holt and Moore, 1995). Diagnosis of EU is best achieved by different imaging methods such as intravenous urography and ultrasonography (Lamb and Gregory, 1998; Koie et al., 2000; Taylor et al., 2022). Treatment involves surgical reposition of ectopic ureter into the bladder and medication for incontinence when needed (Koie et al., 2000). [IT thanks DVM student Ginady Martinez Casiano, who provided the basis of this contribution in April 2022]
  • Defect: yes
  • Pathology: Urinary tract infections related to urinary incontinence are common in presentation of dogs with EU (Fritsche et al., 2013). These result in inflammation throughout the urinary tract (e.g. urethritis, cystitis, ureteritis, pyelonephritis). In a large portion of cases, EU has also been associated with other urogenital conformational or functional abnormalities such as hydronephrosis, dilated ureters, vestibulo-vaginal malformations, hypoplastic bladder or kidney, congenital urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI), ureterocele, renal dysgenesis, pelvic bladder and others (Reichler et al., 2012; Dekerle et al., 2022). [IT thanks DVM student Ginady Martinez Casiano, who provided the basis of this contribution in April 2022]

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose.

  • 1969. Ectopic ureter in a male dog.. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5812515 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Ectopic ureter in the dog.. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5106547 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1973. Canine ectopic ureter--two further case reports.. J Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID4789312 | DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1973.tb06496.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1974. Ectopic ureter in dogs: epidemiologic features.. Teratology — PubMed:PMID4428421 | DOI:10.1002/tera.1420100206 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1975. Urinary incontinence due to ectopic ureter in a male dog.. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID1168184 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1976. Ectopic ureter in the bitch.. Vet Rec — PubMed:PMID1274140 | DOI:10.1136/vr.98.15.299 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1980. Bilateral ectopic ureter in a male dog with urinary incontinence.. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID7462081 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1986. Ectopic ureter in a dog: extension from the kidney to the urinary bladder and to the urethra.. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID3744991 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1998. Ultrasonographic findings in 14 dogs with ectopic ureter.. Vet Radiol Ultrasound — PubMed:PMID9634190 | DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1998.tb00343.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1999. What is your diagnosis? Ectopic ureter.. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID10319171 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2000. Four cases of lowered urethral pressure in canine ectopic ureter.. J Vet Med Sci — PubMed:PMID11129871 | DOI:10.1292/jvms.62.1221 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2002. Urinary incontinence in a dog with an ectopic ureterocele.. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc — PubMed:PMID11804312 | DOI:10.5326/0380029 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (36 additional references in OMIA)

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose.

  • 1969. Ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5812515 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Ectopic ureter in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5106547 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1973. Canine ectopic ureter--two further case reports. J Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID4789312 | DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1973.tb06496.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1974. Ectopic ureter in dogs: epidemiologic features. Teratology — PubMed:PMID4428421 | DOI:10.1002/tera.1420100206 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1975. Urinary incontinence due to ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID1168184 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1976. Ectopic ureter in the bitch. Vet Rec — PubMed:PMID1274140 | DOI:10.1136/vr.98.15.299 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1980. Bilateral ectopic ureter in a male dog with urinary incontinence. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID7462081 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1986. Ectopic ureter in a dog: extension from the kidney to the urinary bladder and to the urethra. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID3744991 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1998. Ultrasonographic findings in 14 dogs with ectopic ureter. Vet Radiol Ultrasound — PubMed:PMID9634190 | DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1998.tb00343.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1999. What is your diagnosis? Ectopic ureter. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID10319171 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2000. Four cases of lowered urethral pressure in canine ectopic ureter. J Vet Med Sci — PubMed:PMID11129871 | DOI:10.1292/jvms.62.1221 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2002. Urinary incontinence in a dog with an ectopic ureterocele. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc — PubMed:PMID11804312 | DOI:10.5326/0380029 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (36 additional references in OMIA)

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.

  • 1969. Ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5812515 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Ectopic ureter in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5106547 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1973. Canine ectopic ureter--two further case reports. J Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID4789312 | DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1973.tb06496.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1974. Ectopic ureter in dogs: epidemiologic features. Teratology — PubMed:PMID4428421 | DOI:10.1002/tera.1420100206 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1975. Urinary incontinence due to ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID1168184 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1976. Ectopic ureter in the bitch. Vet Rec — PubMed:PMID1274140 | DOI:10.1136/vr.98.15.299 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1980. Bilateral ectopic ureter in a male dog with urinary incontinence. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID7462081 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1986. Ectopic ureter in a dog: extension from the kidney to the urinary bladder and to the urethra. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID3744991 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1998. Ultrasonographic findings in 14 dogs with ectopic ureter. Vet Radiol Ultrasound — PubMed:PMID9634190 | DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1998.tb00343.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1999. What is your diagnosis? Ectopic ureter. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID10319171 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2000. Four cases of lowered urethral pressure in canine ectopic ureter. J Vet Med Sci — PubMed:PMID11129871 | DOI:10.1292/jvms.62.1221 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2002. Urinary incontinence in a dog with an ectopic ureterocele. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc — PubMed:PMID11804312 | DOI:10.5326/0380029 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (36 additional references in OMIA)

verification_derived: method: derived_from_dataset source: "OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM" note: "Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose."

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.

  • 1969. Ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5812515 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Ectopic ureter in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5106547 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1973. Canine ectopic ureter--two further case reports. J Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID4789312 | DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1973.tb06496.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1974. Ectopic ureter in dogs: epidemiologic features. Teratology — PubMed:PMID4428421 | DOI:10.1002/tera.1420100206 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1975. Urinary incontinence due to ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID1168184 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1976. Ectopic ureter in the bitch. Vet Rec — PubMed:PMID1274140 | DOI:10.1136/vr.98.15.299 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1980. Bilateral ectopic ureter in a male dog with urinary incontinence. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID7462081 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1986. Ectopic ureter in a dog: extension from the kidney to the urinary bladder and to the urethra. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID3744991 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1998. Ultrasonographic findings in 14 dogs with ectopic ureter. Vet Radiol Ultrasound — PubMed:PMID9634190 | DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1998.tb00343.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1999. What is your diagnosis? Ectopic ureter. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID10319171 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2000. Four cases of lowered urethral pressure in canine ectopic ureter. J Vet Med Sci — PubMed:PMID11129871 | DOI:10.1292/jvms.62.1221 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2002. Urinary incontinence in a dog with an ectopic ureterocele. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc — PubMed:PMID11804312 | DOI:10.5326/0380029 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (36 additional references in OMIA)

verification_derived: method: derived_from_dataset source: "OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM" note: "Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose."

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.

  • 1969. Ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5812515 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Ectopic ureter in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID5106547 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1973. Canine ectopic ureter--two further case reports. J Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID4789312 | DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1973.tb06496.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1974. Ectopic ureter in dogs: epidemiologic features. Teratology — PubMed:PMID4428421 | DOI:10.1002/tera.1420100206 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1975. Urinary incontinence due to ectopic ureter in a male dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID1168184 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1976. Ectopic ureter in the bitch. Vet Rec — PubMed:PMID1274140 | DOI:10.1136/vr.98.15.299 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1980. Bilateral ectopic ureter in a male dog with urinary incontinence. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID7462081 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1986. Ectopic ureter in a dog: extension from the kidney to the urinary bladder and to the urethra. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID3744991 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1998. Ultrasonographic findings in 14 dogs with ectopic ureter. Vet Radiol Ultrasound — PubMed:PMID9634190 | DOI:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1998.tb00343.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1999. What is your diagnosis? Ectopic ureter. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID10319171 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2000. Four cases of lowered urethral pressure in canine ectopic ureter. J Vet Med Sci — PubMed:PMID11129871 | DOI:10.1292/jvms.62.1221 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2002. Urinary incontinence in a dog with an ectopic ureterocele. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc — PubMed:PMID11804312 | DOI:10.5326/0380029 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (36 additional references in OMIA)

verification_derived: method: derived_from_dataset source: "OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM" note: "Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose."

Sources

Entlebucher Mountain Dog — Ectopic ureter (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)
companion-breed-healthPMID 5812515

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