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Boxer — Cleft lip and palate (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)

companion_breed_health_boxer_omia3379_dog

companion-breed-health en

--- license: permission_granted topic_id: companion_breed_health_boxer_omia3379_dog category: companion-breed-health title: "Boxer — Cleft lip and palate (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)" lang: en source: "OMIA (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals, University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to source_file; C1 substring-verified. Pulled 2026-08-02 from local OMIA database dump." source_file: pdf-raw/breed-health/boxer_omia3379_3379.txt date_parsed: 2026-08-02 tokens_estimated: 311 verification: method: substring_match claims: 4 passed: 4 date: 2026-08-02 recovered: false path: companion-breed-health/companion_breed_health_boxer_omia3379_dog/01_companion_breed_health_boxer_omia3379_dog.md source_document: "OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)" citation: authority: "OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)" title: "Boxer — Cleft lip and palate (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)" url: "https://omia.org/OMIA001714/9615/" retrieved: "2026-08-02" ref: "OMIA breed-specific hereditary-disorder records (omia.org), derived from local OMIA database dump; dataset: https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70" doc_type: "academic animal-genetics database (breed-specific disorder entries)" needs_review: false

Boxer — Cleft lip and palate (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)

Source: first-hand OMIA (University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to source_file; every claim below is a C1 byte-substring of it.

Claims

  • Breed: Boxer (Dog)
  • Disorder:
  • Clin feat: A cleft lip is a type of orofacial cleft that can manifest as a facial deformity due to incomplete fusion of the lip, incisive bone and/or the alveolar process (Pankowski et al., 2018) Cleft palates are orofacial clefts that involve a midline defect of the hard and/or soft palate, resulting in a hole between the oral and nasal cavity (Pankowski et al., 2018). These clefts occur during embryonic development as a result of incomplete fusion of oral or facial tissues (Roman et al., 2019). Cleft lips and palates are generally recognised in neonatal puppies via visual examination or observation of sneezing, coughing, gagging or drainage of milk from the nostrils during feeding (Roman et al., 2019). Cleft palates generally have far more clinical significance than cleft lips. While most cleft lips only present cosmetic issues, large cleft lips and cleft palates present severe feeding issues in puppies and can lead to failure to grow, chronic sinus infections and aspiration pneumonia (Roman et al., 2019). IT thanks DVM student Mathilda Harrop, who provided the basis of this contribution in May 2023.
  • Defect: yes

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose.

  • 1972. Cleft lip and palate in dogs (Boxer breed): a preliminary report. Carnivore Genetics Newsletter — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2012. Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in boxer dogs: evidence of monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance.. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID21806339 | DOI:10.1597/11-110 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2009. Cleft lip and/or palate with monogenic autosomal recessive transmission in Pyrenees shepherd dogs.. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID19115787 | DOI:10.1597/06-229.1 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1965. A genetic study of cleft lip and palate in dogs.. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID5835234 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Observations on the pathology in a colony of cleft palate and cleft lip dogs.. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID5278761 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1968. Cleft lip and palate in dogs: a progress report.. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID4383842 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1964. Cleft lip and palate in dogs.. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID14193444 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1961. The comparative anatomy of cleft lip and palate. I. Classification of cleft lip and palate in dogs.. Br J Plast Surg — PubMed:PMID13875838 | DOI:10.1016/s0007-1226(61)80033-7 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1958. Cleft lip and palate in the dog.. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID13587379 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2017. Morphological evaluation of clefts of the lip, palate, or both in dogs.. Am J Vet Res — PubMed:PMID28738009 | DOI:10.2460/ajvr.78.8.926 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2019. Incidence patterns of orofacial clefts in purebred dogs.. PLoS One — PubMed:PMID31682628 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0224574 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2022. Management of dental and oral developmental conditions in dogs and cats.. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID34838248 | DOI:10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.09.002 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (6 additional references in OMIA)

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose.

  • 1972. Cleft lip and palate in dogs (Boxer breed): a preliminary report. Carnivore Genetics Newsletter — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2012. Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in boxer dogs: evidence of monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID21806339 | DOI:10.1597/11-110 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2009. Cleft lip and/or palate with monogenic autosomal recessive transmission in Pyrenees shepherd dogs. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID19115787 | DOI:10.1597/06-229.1 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1965. A genetic study of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID5835234 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Observations on the pathology in a colony of cleft palate and cleft lip dogs. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID5278761 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1968. Cleft lip and palate in dogs: a progress report. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID4383842 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1964. Cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID14193444 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1961. The comparative anatomy of cleft lip and palate. I. Classification of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Br J Plast Surg — PubMed:PMID13875838 | DOI:10.1016/s0007-1226(61)80033-7 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1958. Cleft lip and palate in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID13587379 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2017. Morphological evaluation of clefts of the lip, palate, or both in dogs. Am J Vet Res — PubMed:PMID28738009 | DOI:10.2460/ajvr.78.8.926 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2019. Incidence patterns of orofacial clefts in purebred dogs. PLoS One — PubMed:PMID31682628 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0224574 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2022. Management of dental and oral developmental conditions in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID34838248 | DOI:10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.09.002 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (6 additional references in OMIA)

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.

  • 1972. Cleft lip and palate in dogs (Boxer breed): a preliminary report. Carnivore Genetics Newsletter — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2012. Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in boxer dogs: evidence of monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID21806339 | DOI:10.1597/11-110 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2009. Cleft lip and/or palate with monogenic autosomal recessive transmission in Pyrenees shepherd dogs. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID19115787 | DOI:10.1597/06-229.1 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1965. A genetic study of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID5835234 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Observations on the pathology in a colony of cleft palate and cleft lip dogs. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID5278761 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1968. Cleft lip and palate in dogs: a progress report. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID4383842 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1964. Cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID14193444 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1961. The comparative anatomy of cleft lip and palate. I. Classification of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Br J Plast Surg — PubMed:PMID13875838 | DOI:10.1016/s0007-1226(61)80033-7 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1958. Cleft lip and palate in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID13587379 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2017. Morphological evaluation of clefts of the lip, palate, or both in dogs. Am J Vet Res — PubMed:PMID28738009 | DOI:10.2460/ajvr.78.8.926 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2019. Incidence patterns of orofacial clefts in purebred dogs. PLoS One — PubMed:PMID31682628 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0224574 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2022. Management of dental and oral developmental conditions in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID34838248 | DOI:10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.09.002 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (6 additional references in OMIA)

verification_derived: method: derived_from_dataset source: "OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM" note: "Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose."

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.

  • 1972. Cleft lip and palate in dogs (Boxer breed): a preliminary report. Carnivore Genetics Newsletter — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2012. Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in boxer dogs: evidence of monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID21806339 | DOI:10.1597/11-110 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2009. Cleft lip and/or palate with monogenic autosomal recessive transmission in Pyrenees shepherd dogs. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID19115787 | DOI:10.1597/06-229.1 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1965. A genetic study of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID5835234 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Observations on the pathology in a colony of cleft palate and cleft lip dogs. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID5278761 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1968. Cleft lip and palate in dogs: a progress report. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID4383842 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1964. Cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID14193444 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1961. The comparative anatomy of cleft lip and palate. I. Classification of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Br J Plast Surg — PubMed:PMID13875838 | DOI:10.1016/s0007-1226(61)80033-7 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1958. Cleft lip and palate in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID13587379 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2017. Morphological evaluation of clefts of the lip, palate, or both in dogs. Am J Vet Res — PubMed:PMID28738009 | DOI:10.2460/ajvr.78.8.926 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2019. Incidence patterns of orofacial clefts in purebred dogs. PLoS One — PubMed:PMID31682628 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0224574 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2022. Management of dental and oral developmental conditions in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID34838248 | DOI:10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.09.002 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (6 additional references in OMIA)

verification_derived: method: derived_from_dataset source: "OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM" note: "Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose."

Evidence (references)

Derived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.

  • 1972. Cleft lip and palate in dogs (Boxer breed): a preliminary report. Carnivore Genetics Newsletter — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2012. Nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in boxer dogs: evidence of monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID21806339 | DOI:10.1597/11-110 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2009. Cleft lip and/or palate with monogenic autosomal recessive transmission in Pyrenees shepherd dogs. Cleft Palate Craniofac J — PubMed:PMID19115787 | DOI:10.1597/06-229.1 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1965. A genetic study of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID5835234 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1971. Observations on the pathology in a colony of cleft palate and cleft lip dogs. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID5278761 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1968. Cleft lip and palate in dogs: a progress report. Cleft Palate J — PubMed:PMID4383842 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1964. Cleft lip and palate in dogs. Surg Forum — PubMed:PMID14193444 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1961. The comparative anatomy of cleft lip and palate. I. Classification of cleft lip and palate in dogs. Br J Plast Surg — PubMed:PMID13875838 | DOI:10.1016/s0007-1226(61)80033-7 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 1958. Cleft lip and palate in the dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc — PubMed:PMID13587379 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2017. Morphological evaluation of clefts of the lip, palate, or both in dogs. Am J Vet Res — PubMed:PMID28738009 | DOI:10.2460/ajvr.78.8.926 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2019. Incidence patterns of orofacial clefts in purebred dogs. PLoS One — PubMed:PMID31682628 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0224574 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • 2022. Management of dental and oral developmental conditions in dogs and cats. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract — PubMed:PMID34838248 | DOI:10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.09.002 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article
  • (6 additional references in OMIA)

verification_derived: method: derived_from_dataset source: "OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM" note: "Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose."

Sources

Boxer — Cleft lip and palate (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)
companion-breed-healthPMID 21806339

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