Horse — Care & Reference Manual

LLM-refined manual (v2 pipeline, kimi, 2026-08-04; docs/MANUAL_V2_DESIGN.md). This manual assembles the verified fact blocks in Pet Data Station that mention horse, organised along a pet owner's journey. Every quoted fact is reproduced verbatim from its cited first-hand source ([n] superscripts; see References, each tagged with a computed trust grade per docs/topic_grading_guide.md) and is independently checkable. Guide sections (checklists, red-flag box) are orientation prose in which every factual sentence carries its own [n]; derived-summary blocks from non-Open-Access sources keep their Paraphrased derived summary mark. Mis-sectioned, duplicate, off-topic and image-residue fragments were removed by the v2 builder (build-gate enforced).

Appendix A — Commercial Food & Regulatory Notes
Appendix B — Research Evidence

Appendix A — Commercial Food & Regulatory Notes

How pet-food regulatory standards treat this species (reference material, demoted from the main flow).

Exotic / specialty pet food — AAFCO recognizes no nutrient profiles for exotics; standards defer to NRC species reports

As an AAFCO-recognized nutrient profile or nutritional authority: [1]

For dogs, the AAFCO Dog Food Nutrient Profiles; [1]

For cats, the AAFCO Cat Food Nutrient Profiles; [1]

For specialty pets, the nutrient recommendations approved by the Committee on Animal Nutrition of the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences [1]

Appendix B — Research Evidence

Peer-reviewed papers indexed for this species (reference material). Entries whose abstract did not mention the species by name, or were flagged off-topic at source, were omitted as likely mis-clustered.

Evidence cluster — equine gastric ulcer syndrome: prophylaxis & omeprazole (peer-reviewed, Europe PMC)

PMID 42375980 — [Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.] A study background states equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is the most common disease of the equine stomach. (Source excerpt truncated to the background sentence only.) [2]

PMID 41470044 — [Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.] A study background notes that recurrence of equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) and equine gastric glandular disease (EGGD) is high once pharmacological treatment is stopped. (Source excerpt truncated to the background sentence only.) [3]

PMID 42076700 — Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome is a highly prevalent condition, yet its clinical diagnosis remains challenging due to the nonspecific nature of many associated signs. [CC BY — Open Access, verbatim with attribution.] [4]

PMID PPR1037834 — The term Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS) has been used since 1999. [2]

PMID 41600665 — Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS) is a worldwide disease described in different categories of animals. [CC BY — Open Access, verbatim with attribution.] [5]

PMID PPR1037834 (2025, ) — The Current Status of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome in Horses - Focusing on Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention [2]

PMID 41532453 (2026, Equine veterinary journal) — [Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.] A study background notes current EGUS treatments such as omeprazole (a proton-pump inhibitor) have limitations, including the requirement to administer on an empty stomach. (Source excerpt truncated to the background sentence only.) [6]

Horse — anhydrosis / heat & electrolyte management — dietary management (Europe PMC)

PMID 41521281 — Review: Genomic insights into the adaptive traits and stress resistance in modern horses. (Stress biology, 2026). (opening): The domestication and selective breeding of horses have profoundly influenced the emergence of adaptive traits and stress resistance mechanisms, shaping modern equine populations. [7]

PMID 42328694 — Integrative Advances in Equine Genomics From Reference Assemblies to Evolutionary History and Key Traits. (Evolutionary applications, 2026). (opening): Horses are major domestic animals and cultural symbols that have accompanied humans for millennia. They underpin transport, agriculture, warfare and sport, and also provide a model [8]

PMID 42071996 — Efficacy of an Oral Chondroprotective Joint Supplement on Stride Length and Gait Symmetry in Aged Geldings with Chronic Lameness. (Animals: an open access journal from MDPI, 2026). (opening): Oral joint supplements (OJSs), specifically those containing glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, are some of the most popular feed additives fed by horse owners. However, evidence [9]

PMID 41893540 — The Dark Side of Grasslands: Endophyte Toxicosis in Horses-Exposure Risks, Health Consequences, and Management. (Toxins, 2026). (opening): Grasslands are the cornerstone of horse feeding, used for grazing and to produce roughages and their products. However, improper grassland management hides several threats for equi [10]

Horse — colitis / enteritis — dietary management (Europe PMC)

PMID 41375540 — The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) in Colic and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways in Horses. (Animals: an open access journal from MDPI, 2025). (opening): Equine colic remains a prevalent and potentially life-threatening condition with multifactorial origins, including dietary imbalances, stress, and microbial dysbiosis. Central to e [11]

PMID 41070119 — Gut microbiome regulation in equine animals: current understanding and future perspectives. (Frontiers in microbiology, 2025). (opening): The equine intestinal microbiome represents a complex and dynamic ecosystem that fundamentally influences host health and physiological function. This microbial community exhibits [12]

PMID 42193750 — Long-Read Sequencing for Species-Level Resolution of the Equine Gut Microbiota Reveals the Need for Improved Databases. (Animals: an open access journal from MDPI, 2026). (opening): Differences in gut microbiota composition related to diet have been reported in horses, but characterization of specific microbial taxa remains limited, particularly at the species [13]

PMID 41504615 — Complete Extruded Diet: How Does Equine Fecal Microbiota Change During Intake Adaptation? (Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho, 2026). (opening): This study aimed to investigate the gradual adaptation of the fecal bacterial community and in vitro fermentative capacity of horses fed a complete extruded diet (CED). Twelve geld [14]

PMID 42046684 — Synergistic effects of (Veterinary world, 2026). (opening): The equine hindgut depends on microbial fermentation for efficient nutrient utilization but remains vulnerable to dysbiosis, hindgut acidosis, and suboptimal fiber digestion. Growi [15]

Horse — recurrent uveitis / ocular health — dietary management (Europe PMC)

PMID 41518147 — Evaluation of Laboratory Techniques for the Diagnosis of Leptospira-Associated Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU) With Focus on the Goldmann-Witmer Coefficient. (Veterinary ophthalmology, 2026). (opening): To evaluate different laboratory procedures for determining the etiologic diagnosis of equine recurrent uveitis regarding intraocular infection with Leptospira spp. and to establis [16]

PMID 42278060 — The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Horses' Nutrition-A Review. (Animals: an open access journal from MDPI, 2026). (opening): This narrative review presents examples of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation in horse nutrition. Fats are essential in equine nutrition, serving not only as an energy source but [17]

Pet horse — pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (equine Cushing) — diet & nutrition (Europe PMC)

PMID 40872730 — Equine Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction. (Veterinary sciences, 2025). (opening): Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is a common, slowly progressive, neurodegenerative disorder of the older horse. Oxidative damage to the hypothalamic periventricular ne [18]

PMID 41742515 — Assessment of baseline adrenocorticotropic hormone and insulin concentrations in healthy horses in Saskatchewan over a 1-year period. (Journal of veterinary internal medicine, 2026). (opening): Endocrine disorders in horses, such as pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction and equine metabolic syndrome, rely on hormone testing for diagnosis, but seasonal and regional variabi [19]

PMID 42193726 — Welfare Assessment in Equine-Assisted Service (EAS) Horses. (Animals: an open access journal from MDPI, 2026). (opening): Equine-Assisted Service (EAS) horses can be exposed to stressors that affect their behavior and welfare. Previous studies investigated behavioral and physiological indicators (PI) [20]

Sport / athletic / performance horse — diet & nutrition management (Europe PMC)

PMID 42278037 — Industry Perceptions of Thoroughbred Racehorse Emotions and Quality of Life: Implications for the Development of an Equine Quality of Life Assessment Tool. (Animals: an open access journal from MDPI, 2026). (opening): Understanding how horses experience their lives is essential for improving their welfare, particularly in high-performance industries such as horseracing. Quality of Life (QoL) fra [21]

PMID 42028318 — Opportunities for agency in domestic horses: Applying the behavioural domain to increase equine welfare. (Animal welfare (South Mimms, England), 2026). (opening): Giving animals the opportunity to exercise agency can improve their welfare, but horse owners and researchers may not be aware of the growing body of agency research in other anima [22]

PMID 42238714 — Genetic variability and associations of Trakehner and other horse populations in Lithuania. (Archives animal breeding, 2026). (opening): To obtain genetic parameters relevant for the management of animal genetic resources, this study provides a comparative characterization of the Trakehner (TRAK) horse population in [23]

References

[1] AAFCO — Dog / Cat / Specialty-Pet Food Nutrient Profiles (NRC for specialty pets) — https://www.aafco.org/

grade A: T1 government/standard, verbatim (computed per docs/topic_grading_guide.md §4)

[2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42375980/ — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42375980/

grade B: T2 peer-reviewed, paraphrase (computed per docs/topic_grading_guide.md §4)

[3] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41470044/ — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41470044/

grade B: T2 peer-reviewed, paraphrase (computed per docs/topic_grading_guide.md §4)

[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42076700/ — https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42076700/