{"topic_id":"exotic_tox_guinea_pig_penicillin_syndromes","category":"exotic-pet-toxicology","context":"---\ntopic_id: exotic_tox_guinea_pig_penicillin_syndromes\ncategory: exotic-pet-toxicology\ntitle: \"Penicillin toxicity syndromes in guinea pigs — toxic, hemorrhagic, chronic (Green 1974, PMID 4446629)\"\nlang: en\nsource: \"PubMed abstract PMID 4446629 — Yale J Biol Med 1974 Sep;47(3):166-81 (NLM E-utilities efetch, official API)\"\nsource_file: pdf-raw/exotic-toxicology/pubmed_4446629_penicillin_guineapig_hamster.txt\ndate_parsed: 2026-07-29\ntokens_estimated: 364\nverified: true\nverification: c1_substring\nsource_document: \"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 1974;47(3):166-81 (PubMed PMID 4446629)\"\ncitation:\n  authority: \"U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed)\"\n  title: \"The association of viral activation with penicillin toxicity in guinea pigs and hamsters (Green RH, Yale J Biol Med 1974;47(3):166-81)\"\n  url: \"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4446629/\"\n  retrieved: \"2026-07-29\"\n  ref: \"PMID 4446629\"\n  doc_type: \"official text extract\"\n  needs_review: false\n---\n\n# Penicillin toxicity syndromes in guinea pigs — toxic, hemorrhagic, chronic (Green 1974, PMID 4446629)\n\nVerbatim first-hand facts from the PubMed abstract of Green RH, 'The association of viral activation with penicillin toxicity in guinea pigs and hamsters' (Yale J Biol Med 1974;47(3):166-81), retrieved via NLM E-utilities efetch. All bullets are exact substrings of the cited source file (whitespace-normalised; the 1974 abstract is printed in capitals) and C1-substring verified.\n\n## Toxicology facts\n\n- The association of viral activation with penicillin toxicity in guinea pigs and hamsters.\n- PENICILLIN TOXICITY IN THE GUINEA PIG MAY BE MANIFESTED IN SEVERAL DIFFERENT WAYS, AND IT IS PROPOSED THAT THESE TOXIC EFFECTS BE CATEGORIZED INTO THREE SYNDROMES: (1) toxic syndrome, characterized by acute fatal illness; (2) hemorrhagic syndrome, characterized by delayed illness with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, and culminating in massive visceral hemorrhages; (3) chronic syndrome, characterized by retardation of growth and alopecia, a condition somewhat resembling \"runt disease.\"\n- Of some 60 guinea pigs which received injections of penicillin three developed tumors and four others were found to have gallstones.\n- A virus having some of the properties of a parvovirus has been isolated repeatedly from animals ill or dying of penicillin-induced disease.\n\nRelated: `exotic_tox_guinea_pig_penicillin` (Merck), `exotic_tox_hamster_penicillin`.\n","sources":["exotic-pet-toxicology — The association of viral activation with penicillin toxicity in guinea pigs and hamsters (Green RH, Yale J Biol Med 1974;47(3):166-81) (retrieved 2026-07-29)"],"source":{"authority":"exotic-pet-toxicology","title":"The association of viral activation with penicillin toxicity in guinea pigs and hamsters (Green RH, Yale J Biol Med 1974;47(3):166-81)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4446629/","retrieved":"2026-07-29","ref":"PMID 4446629","doc_type":"official PDF","source_document":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 1974;47(3):166-81 (PubMed PMID 4446629)","verification_file":"pdf-raw/exotic-toxicology/pubmed_4446629_penicillin_guineapig_hamster.txt"},"source_document":"Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 1974;47(3):166-81 (PubMed PMID 4446629)","source_file":"pdf-raw/exotic-toxicology/pubmed_4446629_penicillin_guineapig_hamster.txt","tokens_estimated":364,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}