{"topic_id":"exotic_breeding_fish","category":"exotic-breeding","context":"---\ntopic_id: exotic_breeding_fish\ncategory: exotic-breeding\ntitle: \"Fish — breeding & neutering (neutering/spaying, reproduction, preventing unwanted litters)\"\nlang: en\nsource: \"First-hand owner-practical care page saved to source_file; C1 byte-substring verified. Pulled 2026-08-01.\"\nsource_file: pdf-raw/companion-care/exotic_rspca_fish.txt\ndate_parsed: 2026-08-01\ntokens_estimated: 520\nverification:\n  method: substring_match\n  claims: 8\n  passed: 8\n  date: 2026-08-01\nrecovered: false\npath: exotic-breeding/exotic_breeding_fish/01_exotic_breeding_fish.md\nsource_document: \"RSPCA pet care advice / Merck Veterinary Manual pet-owner version\"\ncitation:\n  authority: \"RSPCA pet care advice (rspca.org.uk) / Merck Veterinary Manual pet-owner version (merckvetmanual.com)\"\n  title: \"Fish — breeding & neutering (neutering/spaying, reproduction, preventing unwanted litters)\"\n  url: \"https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/fish\"\n  retrieved: \"2026-08-01\"\n  ref: \"Fish owner-practical care (first-hand, https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/fish)\"\n  doc_type: \"animal-welfare-org / veterinary-manual consumer version\"\n  needs_review: false\n---\n\n# Fish — breeding & neutering (neutering/spaying, reproduction, preventing unwanted litters)\n\nSource: first-hand owner-practical care page, saved to `source_file`; every claim below is a C1 byte-substring of it.\n\n## Claims\n\n- `Common goldfish are the hardiest as they haven’t been weakened by selective breeding.`\n- `Many ‘fancy’ varieties of goldfish are more delicate because selective breeding has made them prone to inherited health problems.`\n- `Just like with goldfish, selective breeding can have negative effects on their welfare.`\n- `Example breeds are guppy, swordtail, platy and molly.`\n- `In fact, they're known to live for up to 25 years and some can reach over 30cm! \n Common goldfish are the hardiest as they haven’t been weakened by selective breeding.`\n- `Breeding for exaggerated physical features has a negative impact on welfare, so we discourage the keeping of such fish.`\n- `Position Don't put your aquarium near heat sources like direct sunlight and radiators and make sure it is on a sturdy surface.`\n- `It is a good idea to get a separate fish tank heater to heat the water before you add it.`\n\n---\n\n**Source:** `pdf-raw/companion-care/exotic_rspca_fish.txt` · https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/fish\n","sources":["exotic-breeding — Fish — breeding & neutering (neutering/spaying, reproduction, preventing unwanted litters) (retrieved 2026-08-01)"],"source":{"authority":"exotic-breeding","title":"Fish — breeding & neutering (neutering/spaying, reproduction, preventing unwanted litters)","url":"https://www.rspca.org.uk/adviceandwelfare/pets/fish","retrieved":"2026-08-01","ref":"","doc_type":"official PDF","source_document":"RSPCA pet care advice / Merck Veterinary Manual pet-owner version","verification_file":"pdf-raw/companion-care/exotic_rspca_fish.txt"},"source_document":"RSPCA pet care advice / Merck Veterinary Manual pet-owner version","source_file":"pdf-raw/companion-care/exotic_rspca_fish.txt","tokens_estimated":379,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}