{"topic_id":"evidence_feline_cancer_diet","category":"evidence","context":"---\ntopic_id: evidence_feline_cancer_diet\ncategory: evidence\ntitle: \"Evidence cluster — nutrition in feline cancer / neoplasia (peer-reviewed, Europe PMC + PubMed)\"\nlang: en\nsource_file: pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_feline_cancer_diet_2026-07-22.txt\nsource: Europe PMC REST search (first-hand PMIDs) + PubMed efetch verbatim abstracts, pulled 2026-07-22\ndate_parsed: 2026-07-22\nmodel: codebuddy\nbatch: P0-EVIDENCE-7\nverified: 2026-07-22 substring_match 24/24 claims passed\npath: evidence/evidence_feline_cancer_diet/01_feline_cancer_diet.md\n---\n## Representative peer-reviewed studies (verbatim abstracts)\n\nThe following studies were retrieved from Europe PMC / PubMed and are reproduced verbatim. Interpretive synthesis is left to the API user.\n\n### PMID:41775677 — Ultrasonographic features of feline renal neoplasia: a retrospective study on 187 cases.\n- Source: J Feline Med Surg 2026\n1. J Feline Med Surg. 2026 Apr;28(4):1098612X261432299. doi: \n10.1177/1098612X261432299. Epub 2026 Mar 3.\n\nUltrasonographic features of feline renal neoplasia: a retrospective study on \n187 cases.\n\nCordella A(1), Lenz J(1), Bertal M(2), Kurihara M(3), Anson A(4), Serafini F(5), \nDirrig H(6), Dillenbeck L(7), De Arcangeli S(1), Mai W(1).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, University of \nPennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.\n(2)Department of Diagnostic Imaging, École Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, \nMaisons-Alfort, France.\n(3)Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, \nNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.\n(4)Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at \nTufts University, North Grafton, MA, USA.\n(5)Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, \nPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.\n(6)Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, \nLondon, UK.\n(7)Department of Environmental and Radiologic Health Sciences, Colorado State \nUniversity Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Fort Collins, CO, USA.\n\nObjectivesUltrasonography plays a crucial role in diagnosing feline renal \ndiseases, including neoplasia. The aims of this study were to describe \nultrasonographic features of renal neoplasia in cats and to investigate \npotential differences between tumor types.MethodsIn this multicenter \nretrospective study, ultrasonographic images of feline kidneys with \ncytologically/histologically confirmed renal neoplasia were reviewed. For each \nkidney, ultrasonographic characteristics (renal length, presence and appearance \nof a mass, nodules, hypoechoic subcapsular rim, pelvic distension, \nretroperitoneal effusion) were recorded and compared for each tumor \ntype.ResultsA total of 187 cats (373 kidneys) were included. Tumor types were \nlymphoma (n = 118, 63%), carcinoma (n = 53, 28.5%), sarcoma (n = 10, 5%), \nadenoma (n = 3, 2%), histiocytic sarcoma (n = 2, 1%) and nephroblastoma (n = 1, \n0.5%). Bilateral disease (P <0.001) and other organ involvement (P = 0.026) were \nmore frequent in lymphoma. A single mass was more frequent in carcinoma (P \n<0.001). Masses were more frequently hypoechoic in lymphoma (81%) and sarcoma \n(86%) than in carcinoma (40%) (P = 0.001). In kidneys with masses, a hypoechoic \nsubcapsular rim was more frequent in lymphoma (P = 0.004). In kidneys without \nmass lesions, kidneys with lymphoma (mean size 51.3 ± 9.8 mm) were significantly \nlarger (P = 0.02) than those with carcinoma (mean size 46.1 ± 6.4 mm) and \nsarcoma (mean size 42.8 ± 8.9 mm).Conclusions and relevanceLymphoma was the most \ncommon renal neoplasia, followed by carcinoma. Some ultrasonographic features, \nincluding bilateral involvement, single masses, multiple nodules, hypoechoic \nsubcapsular rim and severity of nephromegaly, can help differentiate feline \nrenal tumor types.\n\nDOI: 10.1177/1098612X261432299\nPMCID: PMC13100399\nPMID: 41775677 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: Conflict of interestThe authors declared no \npotential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or \npublication of this article.\n- Abstract (verbatim excerpt): \nJOURNAL:J Feline Med Surg 2026\n1. J Feline Med Surg. 2026 Apr;28(4):1098612X261432299. doi: \n10.1177/1098612X261432299. Epub 2026 Mar 3.\n\nUltrasonographic features of feline renal neoplasia: a retros\n\n### PMID:41751480 — Feline Alimentary Lymphomas: Established Concepts and an Underexplored Molecular Landscape.\n- Source: Curr Issues Mol Biol 2026\n1. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2026 Feb 16;48(2):218. doi: 10.3390/cimb48020218.\n\nFeline Alimentary Lymphomas: Established Concepts and an Underexplored Molecular \nLandscape.\n\nSzafron LA(1), Parys M(2), Parys M(2), Szafron LM(1).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Experimental Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research \nInstitute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.\n(2)Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies & Roslin Institute, The University \nof Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH25 9RG, UK.\n\nDomestic cats are among the most popular companion animals worldwide, with \nsteadily increasing ownership and life expectancy. Paradoxically, despite their \nhigh prevalence and shared environmental exposures with humans, cats remain \nmarkedly underrepresented in molecular oncology research. Cancer is a leading \ncause of feline mortality, and alimentary lymphoma (AL) has emerged as one of \nthe most common feline malignancies, yet its molecular landscape remains poorly \ncharacterized. This review summarizes current knowledge on feline AL, including \nepidemiology, risk factors, classification schemes, diagnostic challenges, \ntreatment outcomes, and survival, with particular emphasis on low-grade \nalimentary lymphoma (LGAL), the most prevalent subtype. We discuss the complex \nrelationship between chronic inflammatory enteropathies and lymphoma, \nhighlighting diagnostic ambiguities and the inflammatory-neoplastic continuum. \nImportantly, we provide a critical overview of existing genomic, transcriptomic, \nepigenomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies in feline AL, revealing a \nstriking paucity of high-throughput, multi-omics analyses based on clinical \nmaterial. Recent advances in feline genome assembly and annotation offer new \nopportunities to address these gaps. Furthermore, we compare feline AL with its \nhuman gastrointestinal T-cell lymphoma counterparts, demonstrating substantial \nmolecular homology across key oncogenic pathways, including JAK/STAT signaling. \nThis comparative perspective underscores the potential of feline AL as a \nnaturally occurring model for the human disease. We conclude that comprehensive \nmolecular characterization of feline AL is urgently needed to improve \ndiagnostics, prognostication, and targeted therapies, with likely translational \nbenefits for both veterinary and human oncology. Aim: The goal of this review is \nto summarize the current knowledge on feline alimentary lymphoma, including its \norigin, risk, classification, treatment approaches, and especially molecular \nlandscape, which still remains poorly investigated with modern high-throughput \ntechniques.\n\nDOI: 10.3390/cimb48020218\nPMCID: PMC12939859\nPMID: 41751480\n\nConflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.\n- Abstract (verbatim excerpt): \nJOURNAL:Curr Issues Mol Biol 2026\n1. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2026 Feb 16;48(2):218. doi: 10.3390/cimb48020218.\n\nFeline Alimentary Lymphomas: Established Concepts and an Underexplored Molecular \nLandsca\n\n### PMID:41527158 — Diagnosis of pyogranulomatous and neutrophilic lymphadenitis in 72 cats presenting to a referral hospital: with a focus on nine cats with steroid-responsive lymphadenitis.\n- Source: J Feline Med Surg 2026\n1. J Feline Med Surg. 2026 Mar;28(3):1098612X261416988. doi: \n10.1177/1098612X261416988. Epub 2026 Jan 12.\n\nDiagnosis of pyogranulomatous and neutrophilic lymphadenitis in 72 cats \npresenting to a referral hospital: with a focus on nine cats with \nsteroid-responsive lymphadenitis.\n\nDoyle E(1), Walker J(1).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Hursley, Winchester, UK.\n\nObjectivesThe aim of the study was to review diagnoses and infectious disease \ntesting of cats with neutrophilic or pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis, and \ndescribe the history, clinicopathological abnormalities, diagnostic imaging \nfindings, lymph node cytological/histological appearance, treatment response and \noutcome of steroid-responsive lymphadenitis in cats.MethodsThe medical records \nof 72 cats documented to have pyogranulomatous, neutrophilic or mixed \nlymphadenitis between January 2015 and December 2023 at a single referral \nhospital were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsFeline infectious peritonitis \n(25/72, 35%) was the most common cause of lymphadenitis and frequently \npyogranulomatous. Neoplasia (11/72, 15%) was the overall next most common cause \nand the most common cause of neutrophilic lymphadenitis. The remaining diagnoses \nincluded nine (12.5%) cats with steroid-responsive lymphadenitis, eight (11%) \nwith inflammatory disease, seven (10%) with other suspected bacterial \ninfections, five (7%) with mycobacterial infections, five (7%) with neutrophilic \nto pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis of unclear cause and two (3%) with \ntoxoplasmosis with variable inflammatory lymphadenitis. Steroid-responsive \nlymphadenitis cases were often middle-aged (median 7 years 10 months) castrated \nmales (6/9). Common signs included lethargy (7/9, 78%), hyporexia/anorexia (7/9, \n78%), pyrexia (7/9, 78%), peripheral lymphadenopathy (6/9) and weight loss \n(5/9). Frequently affected lymph nodes were submandibular (5/9), popliteal (4/9) \nand jejunal (4/9). Cytology was more commonly neutrophilic (8/14, 57%) than \npyogranulomatous (4/14, 29%). After variable infectious disease testing, all \ncats received prednisolone (median dose 1.25 mg/kg, range 0.5-2.3) for a median \nof 5.75 months (range 4-11). All improved initially; relapse occurred in 33% \nduring treatment, after tapering or discontinuation. Two cats (22%) were \neuthanased after relapse, with one developing neurological signs.Conclusions and \nrelevanceSteroid-responsive lymphadenitis should be considered in cats \npresenting with inflammatory lymphadenopathy when no identifiable underlying \ninfectious, inflammatory or neoplastic cause is identified, and most cases \nrespond well to glucocorticoid treatment.\n\nPlain Language Summary: Diagnosis of cats with a specific type of rare chronic \ninflammation in their lymph glands, with a focus on cats who responded to \nsteroid treatmentThis study looked at cats with a particular type of lymph node \ninflammation called neutrophilic or pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis. These types \nof inflammation are usually caused by infection or cancer, but in some cats, no \nobvious cause is found. The aim was to find out which diseases caused this type \nof inflammation and what infectious disease tests were performed in these cases. \nWe also focused on a small group of cats who responded well to steroid treatment \nafter an infectious or cancerous cause was excluded, which suggests their \ncondition might have been immune-related. We reviewed 72 cats and found the most \ncommon diagnosis was feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), diagnosed in 25 cats, \nbut other causes included cancer, bacterial infections and rare infections, such \nas mycobacterial infections and toxoplasmosis. In nine cats, no infection, \ninflammatory condition or cancer was found, but they improved with steroid \ntreatment and were diagnosed with steroid-responsive lymphadenitis. These cats \nwere often middle-aged, castrated males. Their most common signs included \ntiredness, fever, swollen lymph nodes and weight loss. The lymph nodes under the \njaw or associated with the intestines were most frequently affected. Diagnostic \ntesting was used to rule out potential infections like FIP, toxoplasmosis and \nmycobacterial infections. Most of these cats received a steroid called \nprednisolone for several months, and the majority improved. Two cats were \neuthanased after relapsing, and 33% of cats had signs return during treatment or \nafter their dose of medication was reduced. This study shows that if no \ninfection or cancer is found, some cats with this type of lymph node \ninflammation may benefit from steroid treatment.\n\nDOI: 10.1177/1098612X261416988\nPMCID: PMC12961132\nPMID: 41527158 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: Conflict of interestThe authors declared no \npotential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or \npublication of this article.\n- Abstract (verbatim excerpt): \nJOURNAL:J Feline Med Surg 2026\n1. J Feline Med Surg. 2026 Mar;28(3):1098612X261416988. doi: \n10.1177/1098612X261416988. Epub 2026 Jan 12.\n\nDiagnosis of pyogranulomatous and neutrophilic lymphadenitis\n\n### PMID:41689038 — Spinal extradural meningioma mimicking lumbar disc herniation in a cat: a case report.\n- Source: BMC Vet Res 2026\n1. BMC Vet Res. 2026 Feb 13;22(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s12917-026-05310-4.\n\nSpinal extradural meningioma mimicking lumbar disc herniation in a cat: a case \nreport.\n\nJi S(#)(1)(2), Chae HK(#)(3)(4), Hong YJ(5).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Veterinary Radiology, Western Referral Animal Medical Center, \nSeoul, 04101, Republic of Korea.\n(2)College of Veterinary Medicine and the Research Institute for Veterinary \nScience, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.\n(3)Department of Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, \nDaegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.\n(4)Korea Society of Feline Medicine, Seoul, 05556, Republic of Korea.\n(5)Department of Veterinary Surgery, Western Referral Animal Medical Center, \nSeoul, 04101, Republic of Korea. vethong@hanmail.net.\n(#)Contributed equally\n\nBACKGROUND: Neoplasia affecting the feline spinal column is an uncommon clinical \noccurrence, with the most frequently documented types being lymphosarcoma, \nosteosarcoma, glial tumors, and meningioma. This report describes the first case \nof an extradural meningioma affecting the lumbar spinal cord of a cat. CASE \nPRESENTATION: An 8-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat presented with \na two-day history of paresis, dyschezia, and reduced tail movement. Hematologic \ntesting and thoracic radiographs revealed no abnormalities; however, lumbar \nradiography identified a radiopaque mass in the spinal canal at the L5-6 level. \nMagnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an extruded nucleus pulposus-like \nextradural mass with limited parenchymal enhancement, compressing the spinal \ncord at L5-6. A hemilaminectomy was performed, and an extradural soft tissue \nmass not attached to the dura mater was excised. Histopathology confirmed the \ndiagnosis of a fibrous meningioma. CONCLUSIONS: While spinal meningiomas \ntypically present as intradural extramedullary lesions, their occurrence in the \nextradural space is exceptionally uncommon, especially when no dural connection \nis present. This case provides the first imaging description of an extradural \nfibrous meningioma without dural involvement in a cat. Clinically, this \nhighlights the importance of considering atypical forms of meningioma in the \ndifferential diagnosis of extradural spinal masses with minimal contrast \nenhancement.\n\nDOI: 10.1186/s12917-026-05310-4\nPMCID: PMC13005468\nPMID: 41689038 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to \nparticipate: As this is a case report of a single client-owned animal, formal \nethical approval was not required by the Institutional Animal Care and Use \nCommittee (IACUC). The owner provided informed consent for all diagnostic \nprocedures, surgical interventions, and the use of clinical data for publication \npurposes. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.\n- Abstract (verbatim excerpt): \nJOURNAL:BMC Vet Res 2026\n1. BMC Vet Res. 2026 Feb 13;22(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s12917-026-05310-4.\n\nSpinal extradural meningioma mimicking lumbar disc herniation in a cat: a case \nreport.\n\nJi S(#)(1)(2\n\n### PMID:41572251 — Obstructive colonic FGESF associated with feline infectious peritonitis in a cat: a case report.\n- Source: BMC Vet Res 2026\n1. BMC Vet Res. 2026 Jan 23;22(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12917-026-05287-0.\n\nObstructive colonic FGESF associated with feline infectious peritonitis in a \ncat: a case report.\n\nNavvabi M(#)(1), Samaei R(1), Fathipour V(2), Mazandarani M(3), Askarzadeh F(4), \nMasouleh MN(5), Abdous A(#)(6)(7).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Goldenfox Pet Clinic, Tehran, Iran.\n(2)Proba Veterinary Laboratory, Tehran, Iran.\n(3)Dr. Masouleh Veterinary Imaging Center, Tehran, Iran.\n(4)Department of Clinical Sciences,Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran.\n(5)Department of Clinical Sciences,SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.\n(6)Department of Clinical Sciences,Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Alborz, Iran. \narmanabds1374@gmail.com.\n(7)School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. \narmanabds1374@gmail.com.\n(#)Contributed equally\n\nBACKGROUND: Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a severe immune-mediated \ndisease that develops in a small proportion of cats infected with feline \ncoronavirus (FCoV). Clinical manifestations are variable and most commonly \ninvolve systemic inflammatory disease with or without effusion. Gastrointestinal \nsigns, including vomiting or diarrhea, may be observed; however, focal \nintestinal lesions leading to mechanical obstruction are rare. Histopathologic \nchanges resembling feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia \n(FGESF) have only rarely been reported in association with FIP. CASE \nPRESENTATION: A 6-month-old Scottish Fold cat was evaluated for vomiting, \nconstipation, weight loss, and jaundice. Abdominal radiography, ultrasonography, \nand contrast-enhanced computed tomography identified an approximately 80 mm \nsegment of marked transmural thickening of the distal descending colon resulting \nin mechanical obstruction. Surgical resection was performed. Histopathologic \nexamination of the excised segment revealed a dense fibroinflammatory lesion \ncharacterized by marked eosinophilic infiltration, reactive spindle-shaped \nfibroblasts, and prominent collagen trabeculae, consistent with an FGESF-like \nprocess. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated intracytoplasmic feline coronavirus \nantigen within macrophages in the resected tissue. Feline coronavirus RNA was \nalso detected in peripheral blood by reverse-transcription polymerase chain \nreaction. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: The affected colonic segment was resected with \nend-to-end anastomosis. Postoperative management included supportive care, \nantimicrobial therapy, corticosteroids, nutritional support via an esophagostomy \ntube, and antiviral treatment with GS-441,524. Antiviral therapy was initiated \nby subcutaneous injection and subsequently continued orally for a total duration \nof 12 weeks. Progressive clinical improvement was observed, including resolution \nof gastrointestinal signs and jaundice, weight gain, and improvement in \nclinicopathologic abnormalities during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This case \ndescribes an uncommon presentation of non-effusive FIP associated with a colonic \nFGESF-like fibroinflammatory lesion causing mechanical obstruction. FIP should \nbe considered among differential diagnoses for eosinophilic intestinal masses in \nyoung cats, even in the absence of effusion. Integration of histopathology with \nmolecular diagnostic techniques, including lesion-based immunohistochemistry, \nmay support diagnostic evaluation in atypical cases. Early recognition and \netiology-directed management may contribute to favorable short-term outcomes.\n\nDOI: 10.1186/s12917-026-05287-0\nPMCID: PMC12954929\nPMID: 41572251 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to \nparticipate: This report describes a single client-owned cat examined and \ntreated at Goldenfox Pet Clinic (Tehran, Iran) as part of routine clinical care. \nIn accordance with institutional and national guidelines, formal ethical \napproval was not required for a retrospective description of standard clinical \nmanagement. No experimental procedures were performed, and all care was \nundertaken in the best interests of the animal. Consent for publication: Written \ninformed consent for publication of the case details and images was obtained \nfrom the owner. A copy of the consent is available from the corresponding author \nupon reasonable request. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing \ninterests.\n- Abstract (verbatim excerpt): \nJOURNAL:BMC Vet Res 2026\n1. BMC Vet Res. 2026 Jan 23;22(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12917-026-05287-0.\n\nObstructive colonic FGESF associated with feline infectious peritonitis in a \ncat: a case report.\n\nNa\n\n### PMID:41856840 — Navigating the Diagnostic Continuum: Feline Lymphoplasmacytic Enteritis and Low-Grade Intestinal T-cell Lymphoma.\n- Source: Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2026\n1. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2026 May;56(3):681-695. doi: \n10.1016/j.cvsm.2026.01.007. Epub 2026 Mar 19.\n\nNavigating the Diagnostic Continuum: Feline Lymphoplasmacytic Enteritis and \nLow-Grade Intestinal T-cell Lymphoma.\n\nWebb CB(1), Avery A(2), Rout E(2).\n\nAuthor information:\n(1)Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake \nRoad, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. Electronic address: cbwebb@colostate.edu.\n(2)Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State \nUniversity, 1301 Center Avenue Mall, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.\n\nThis article discusses the importance of accurately diagnosing feline \ngastrointestinal diseases, particularly differentiating inflammatory bowel \ndisease from alimentary lymphoma. It emphasizes that precise diagnosis impacts \ntreatment decisions, prognosis, and research. The review covers diagnostic \napproaches, including clinical signs, diet trials, imaging, biopsies, \nhistopathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular testing. It explores the \npotential progression from chronic inflammation to lymphoma, highlighting \nsimilarities with human disease pathways. Ultimately, improved understanding and \nclassification of these diseases will enhance patient management, guide targeted \ntherapies, and advance translational research benefiting both feline and human \nmedicine.\n\nCopyright © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nDOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2026.01.007\nPMID: 41856840 [Indexed for MEDLINE]\n\nConflict of interest statement: Disclosures The authors have nothing to \ndisclose.\n- Abstract (verbatim excerpt): \nJOURNAL:Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2026\n1. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2026 May;56(3):681-695. doi: \n10.1016/j.cvsm.2026.01.007. Epub 2026 Mar 19.\n\nNavigating the Diagnostic Continuum\n\n","sources":[],"tokens_estimated":3829,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}