{"topic_id":"evidence_equine_liver_kidney_diet","category":"evidence","context":"---\ntopic_id: evidence_equine_liver_kidney_diet\ncategory: evidence\ntitle: \"Horse — hepatic & renal support — dietary management (Europe PMC)\"\nlang: en\nsource: \"Europe PMC REST search (europepmc.org), query '(horse OR equine) AND (liver OR hepatic OR kidney OR renal) AND (diet OR nutrition OR feeding OR management)', 71622 hits, pulled 2026-07-22\"\nsource_file: pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_evidence_equine_liver_kidney_diet_2026-07-22.txt\ndate_parsed: 2026-07-22\ntokens_estimated: 260\nverification:\n  method: paraphrase\n  claims: 2\n  passed: 2\n  date: 2026-07-22\nsource_document: \"Veterinary / medical evidence (guideline or study) — PMID 42151949\"\ncitation:\n  authority: \"Europe PMC\"\n  title: \"Horse — hepatic & renal support — dietary management (Europe PMC)\"\n  url: \"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42151949/\"\n  retrieved: \"2026-07-22\"\n  ref: \"PMID 42151949\"\n  doc_type: \"official PDF\"\n  needs_review: false\ncopyright_note: \"Mixed licensing per COPYRIGHT_POLICY §3: Open Access (CC BY) studies retained verbatim with attribution; non-Open-Access studies paraphrased as derived fact summaries (numbers and proper nouns preserved, sentences rewritten).\"\nlicense: mixed\nauthority_tier: T2\nauthority_tier_basis: \"T2:oa-repo\"\nauthority_tier_date: 2026-08-04\n---\n\n# Horse — hepatic & renal support — dietary management (Europe PMC)\nSource: Europe PMC REST search, query \"(horse OR equine) AND (liver OR hepatic OR kidney OR renal) AND (diet OR nutrition OR feeding OR management)\", 71622 hits (2026-07-22). 2 representative studies below (filtered for species + nutrition relevance).\n\n1. PMID 42151949 — *[Paraphrased derived summary — non-Open-Access source.]* A study of Mongolian horses in late gestation found that supplementing concentrates with different energy levels affected growth performance, blood indicators, and fecal microbiota (BMC Vet Res, 2026). (Source excerpt truncated at abstract opening.)\n2. PMID 41971173 — Review on lead poisoning in domestic animals: (Veterinary and animal science, 2026). Abstract (opening): Lead is a persistent environmental heavy metal widely used in paints, automotive batteries, lubricant for engines and piping materials. Despite regulatory efforts, lead exposure re *[CC BY — Open Access, verbatim with attribution.]*\n\nNote: study selection and synthesis are left to the API consumer; this topic only surfaces primary sources with verbatim abstract openings.\n\nSource text: `pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_evidence_equine_liver_kidney_diet_2026-07-22.txt` (Europe PMC REST + PubMed efetch, 2026-07-22).\n\n## License & attribution\n\nMixed licensing per COPYRIGHT_POLICY §3: Open Access (CC BY / CC BY-NC /\nCC BY-NC-ND) studies are reproduced verbatim with attribution under their specific\nCC license; non-Open-Access studies are paraphrased as derived fact summaries\n(numbers and proper nouns preserved, sentences rewritten). Original records:\n- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42151949/\n- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41971173/\n\n## Cleaning removal log (2026-08-05, codebuddy)\nPMID 42450773 — Self-labeled off-topic: African pygmy hedgehog renal study, wrong species (not horse), mis-clustered.\nPMID 42280363 — Human subject: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in adult human population, no equine content.\nPMID 41036361 — Lab-model organism: renal damage studied in mice (adenine-induced CKD); horse is only extract source.\nPMID 41451997 — Self-labeled off-topic: equine leptospiral pulmonary haemorrhage case report, infectious disease mis-clustered into diet topic.\n","sources":["Europe PMC — Horse — hepatic & renal support — dietary management (Europe PMC) (retrieved 2026-07-22)"],"source":{"authority":"Europe PMC","title":"Horse — hepatic & renal support — dietary management (Europe PMC)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42151949/","retrieved":"2026-07-22","ref":"PMID 42151949","doc_type":"official PDF","source_document":"Veterinary / medical evidence (guideline or study) — PMID 42151949","verification_file":"pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_evidence_equine_liver_kidney_diet_2026-07-22.txt"},"source_document":"Veterinary / medical evidence (guideline or study) — PMID 42151949","source_file":"pdf-raw/evidence/europepmc_evidence_equine_liver_kidney_diet_2026-07-22.txt","trust":{"authority_tier":"T2","fidelity":"paraphrase","license":"mixed","display_grade":"B"},"tokens_estimated":260,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}