{"topic_id":"dzanis_1994_section_02","category":"us-2026","context":"---\ntopic_id: dzanis_1994_section_02\ncategory: AAFCO-HISTORICAL\ntitle: SUPPLEMENT\nlang: en\nsource: aafco_jnutrition_dzanis_1994.pdf\ndate_parsed: 2026-07-18\ntokens_estimated: 1803\nextra: {\"publication_year\": 1994, \"author\": \"David A. Dzanis\", \"journal\": \"J. Nutrition\", \"section_index\": 2}\n---\n\n# SUPPLEMENT\n\nSUPPLEMENT\n\nTABLE 1\nAAFCO Nutrient\nNutrient\n\nUnits dry matter\n\nPronies for dog food-\n\nGrowth/reproduction\n\nminimum\n\nAdult maintenance\n\nminimum\n\nMaximum\n\nProteinArginineHistidineIsoleucineLeucineLysineMethionine-cystinePhenylalanine-tyrosineThreonineTryptophanValineFat1Linoleic\n\nacidMineralsCalciumPhosphorusCa/P\n\nDownloaded from jn.nutrition.org by guest on April 28, 2012\n\nratioPotassiumSodiumChlorideMagnesiumIron3CopperManganeseZincIodineSeleniumVitaminsVitamin\n\nAVitamin\nDVitmain\nEThiamine4RiboflavinPantothenic\n\nacidNiacinPyridoxineFolie\n\nacidVitamin\n12Cholineg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgmg/kgm\nB1 Presumes an energy density of 14.6 kj ME/g, based on the \"modified Atwater\" values of 14.6, 35.6 and 14.6 kj ME/g for protein, fat\nand carbohydrate (nitrogen-free extract), respectively. In rations > 16.7 kj ME/g, the concentration of all other nutrients should be increased\nproportionately; rations <14.6 kj ME/g should not be corrected for energy.\n2 Although a true requirement for fat per se has not been established, the minimum level was based on recognition of fat as a source of\nessential fatty acids, as a carrier of fat-soluble vitamins, to enhance palatability and to supply an adequate energy density.\n3 Because of very poor bioavailability, iron from carbonate or oxide sources that is added to the diet should not be considered as contributing\nto the nutritional iron in the diet.\n4 Because processing may destroy up to 90% of the thiamin in the diet, allowances in formulation\n\nshould be made to ensure the minimum\n\nnutrient level is met after processing.\n\nommendations, there are two separate AAFCO profiles\n(one for growth and reproduction and one for adult\nmaintenance), instead of just one for all life stages.\nThis allows dog foods formulated for the maintenance\nof adult dogs to contain lower amounts of some nu\ntrients. Also, out of concern for the risk of nutrient\nexcess, maximum limits on the amounts of calcium,\nphosphorus, magnesium, fat-soluble vitamins and\nmost trace minerals in dog foods were established\n(Hazewinkel 1989, Hedhammer et al. 1974, NRC\n\n1980, NRC 1987). Where specific data were lacking\nin dogs, data on other species were extrapolated.\nThe new profile for growth and reproduction raises\nthe minimum amount of fat required. In the practical\nexperiences of the subcommittee members, this was\ndeemed necessary to increase the energy content to\nappropriate levels. Also increased in both profiles are\nthe levels of zinc and iron (Chausow and CzarneckiMaulden 1987, Saneckietal. 1982). On the other hand,\nthe levels of calcium, phosphorus and sodium chloride\n","sources":[],"tokens_estimated":1803,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}