{"topic_id":"companion_breed_health_saint_bernard_polyneuropathy_dog","category":"companion-breed-health","context":"---\nlicense: permission_granted\ntopic_id: companion_breed_health_saint_bernard_polyneuropathy_dog\ncategory: companion-breed-health\ntitle: \"Saint Bernard — polyneuropathy (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)\"\nlang: en\nsource: \"OMIA (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals, University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to source_file; C1 substring-verified. Pulled 2026-08-02 from local OMIA database dump.\"\nsource_file: pdf-raw/breed-health/saint_bernard_polyneuropathy_3705.txt\ndate_parsed: 2026-08-02\ntokens_estimated: 428\nverification:\n  method: substring_match\n  claims: 6\n  passed: 6\n  date: 2026-08-02\nrecovered: false\npath: companion-breed-health/companion_breed_health_saint_bernard_polyneuropathy_dog/01_companion_breed_health_saint_bernard_polyneuropathy_dog.md\nsource_document: \"OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)\"\ncitation:\n  authority: \"OMIA — Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (University of Sydney)\"\n  title: \"Saint Bernard — polyneuropathy (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)\"\n  url: \"https://omia.org/OMIA001917/9615/\"\n  retrieved: \"2026-08-02\"\n  ref: \"OMIA breed-specific hereditary-disorder records (omia.org), derived from local OMIA database dump; dataset: https://doi.org/10.25910/2AMR-PV70\"\n  doc_type: \"academic animal-genetics database (breed-specific disorder entries)\"\n  needs_review: false\n\n\n# Saint Bernard — polyneuropathy (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)\n\nSource: first-hand OMIA (University of Sydney) breed-specific hereditary-disorder record, saved verbatim to `source_file`; every claim below is a C1 byte-substring of it.\n\n## Claims\n\n- `Breed: Saint Bernard (Dog)`\n- `Disorder: polyneuropathy`\n- `Mode of inheritance: Probably autosomal recessive`\n- `Summary: An inherited polyneuropathy (PN) observed in Leonberger and Saint Bernard dogs has clinical similarities to a genetically heterogeneous group of peripheral neuropathies termed Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease in humans. The disorder is a severe, juvenile-onset, chronic, progressive, and mixed PN, characterized by exercise intolerance, gait abnormalities and muscle atrophy of the pelvic limbs, as well as inspiratory stridor and dyspnea.`\n- `Clin feat: As summarised by Ekenstedt et al. (2014), this disorder in the Leonberger breed is characterized by generalized weakness, hypotonia, and muscle atrophy secondary to denervation, particularly of the pelvic limbs . . . . Affected dogs frequently present with a high-stepping pelvic limb gait (pseudo-hypermetria of the hock) . . . , decreased or absent tendon reflexes, and changes associated with degeneration of the recurrent laryngeal nerve, including inspiratory stridor resulting from laryngeal paralysis. The age-of-onset of clinical signs can vary from 1 year up to 11 years of age; however, the juvenile-onset patients typically have a more severe and rapidly progressing course of disease. Peroneal nerve biopsies show decreased myelinated fiber density resulting from axonal degeneration and endoneurial fibrosis indicative of chronic nerve fiber loss. Cranial tibial muscle biopsies demonstrate neurogenic atrophy and fatty replacement of muscle fibers indicative of chronic denervation.`\n- `Defect: yes`\n## Associated gene(s)\nDerived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.\n- Gene: Entrez Gene ID 388304604 (no symbol in OMIA GeneSynonym) — OMIA Phene_Gene\n- OMIA molecular-genetics note: Of the two genes in the candidate region (see mapping section), one (ARHGEF10) was a comparative candidate (see OMIM link above). Sequencing of this gene in affecteds and controls enabled Ekenstedt et al. 92014) to identify \"a 10 bp deletion in affected dogs that removes four nucleotides from the 3′-end of exon 17 and six nucleotides from the 5′-end of intron 17 (c.1955_1958+6delCACGGTGAGC). This …\n\n## Evidence (references)\nDerived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.\n- 2003. Inherited polyneuropathy in Leonberger dogs: a mixed or intermediate form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease?. Muscle & Nerve — PubMed:PMID12661049 | DOI:10.1002/mus.10350 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article\n- 2011. Canine inherited motor and sensory neuropathies: an updated classification in 22 breeds and comparison to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Vet J — PubMed:PMID20638305 | DOI:10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.06.003 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article\n- 2014. An ARHGEF10 deletion is highly associated with a juvenile-onset inherited polyneuropathy in Leonberger and Saint Bernard dogs. PLoS Genet — PubMed:PMID25275565 | DOI:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004635 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article\n- 2011. Inherited polyneuropathy in Leonberger dogs. J Vet Intern Med — PubMed:PMID21985135 | DOI:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.00785.x — OMIA Phene_Article / Article\n- 2023. An overview of canine inherited neurological disorders with known causal variants. Animals (Basel) — PubMed:PMID38003185 | DOI:10.3390/ani13223568 — OMIA Phene_Article / Article\n\n## Comparative medicine (human OMIM)\nDerived from OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); structured field, not verbatim prose. First-hand values below are verbatim substrings of the topic's pdf-raw/omia/<phene_id>.txt source file.\n- OMIM:608236 (type: trait) — OMIA Group_OMIM (via OMIA_ID)\n- OMIM:608136 (type: gene) — OMIA Group_OMIM (via OMIA_ID)\nverification_derived:\n  method: derived_from_dataset\n  source: \"OMIA database dump (omia.xml, local); fields Gene/Variant/Article/OMIM\"\n  note: \"Structured fields (gene, variant rsID/protein change, PubMed/DOI references, OMIM cross-link) extracted from OMIA dump and presented with first-hand values; not verbatim prose.\"\n","sources":["companion-breed-health — Saint Bernard — polyneuropathy (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)"],"source":{"authority":"companion-breed-health","title":"Saint Bernard — polyneuropathy (hereditary; OMIA-verified breed predisposition)","url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12661049/","retrieved":"","ref":"PMID 12661049","doc_type":"official source","source_document":"","verification_file":""},"source_document":"","source_file":"","trust":{"authority_tier":"ungraded","fidelity":"verbatim","license":null,"display_grade":"pending"},"tokens_estimated":947,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}