{"topic_id":"EFSA_NDA_vitamin_D_UL","category":"efsa","context":"---\ntopic_id: EFSA_NDA_vitamin_D_UL\ncategory: efsa\ntitle: \"EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D: 100 μg/day adults, 50 μg/day children, 25/35 μg/day infants (EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145)\"\nlang: en\nsource: \"EFSA scientific opinion, EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145 (DOI 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8145)\"\nsource_file: pdf-raw/efsa_l/PMC10407748.xml\nsource_type: journal_article\ndate_parsed: 2026-08-06\ntokens_estimated: 477\nverified: true\nverification:\n  method: paraphrase\n  claims: 5\n  passed: 5\n  date: 2026-08-06\nsource_document: \"EFSA Journal 21(7):8145 — EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D: 100 μg/day adults, 50 μg/day children, 25/35 μg/day infants (EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145)\"\ncitation:\n  authority: \"EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA)\"\n  title: \"EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D: 100 μg/day adults, 50 μg/day children, 25/35 μg/day infants (EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145)\"\n  url: \"https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8145\"\n  retrieved: \"2026-08-06\"\n  ref: \"EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145\"\n  doc_type: \"EFSA scientific opinion (Europe PMC OA full-text XML)\"\n  needs_review: false\nauthority_tier: T1\nauthority_tier_basis: \"T1:eu-body\"\nauthority_tier_date: 2026-08-06\n---\n# EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D\n\nSource: EFSA NDA scientific opinion, EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145 (DOI 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8145), retrieved 2026-08-06 via Europe PMC OA full-text XML. Paraphrase of an EFSA opinion that the source XML tags CC-BY-ND; per project COPYRIGHT_POLICY only facts/numbers/proper-nouns are quoted verbatim, sentences rewritten.\n\n## Editorial context (read this before using the data point)\n\nThis is the **EFSA NDA** jurisdiction on the **upper intake limit for vitamin D** — directly relevant to pet-food formulation, since vitamin D is a fat-soluble nutrient with a narrow safety margin in dogs and cats (hypercalcaemia is the critical adverse effect). Read with the `efsa` nutrient endpoints and AAFCO/FEDIAF vitamin D maxima.\n\n## Key findings (paraphrase; numbers and proper nouns verbatim from source)\n\n- The **UL for vitamin D is 100 μg/day for adults**, including pregnant and lactating women, covering intake from **all food sources including supplements**.\n- The **UL is 50 μg/day for children up to 10 years**, set because of their smaller body size.\n- For **infants**, the UL of **25 μg/day (up to 6 months)** was retained and a UL of **35 μg/day (6–12 months)** was set.\n- The UL for **adolescents aged 11–17 years is 100 μg VDE/day**.\n- The UL for all population groups except infants derives from a **NOAEL of 250 μg/day for hypercalcaemia in adults**.\n\n## Pet-food relevance\n\nVitamin D is routinely added to dog and cat foods; the adult UL of **100 μg/day** and the hypercalcaemia NOAEL of **250 μg/day** frame the upper-bound safety thinking. Pet-formulation limits (AAFCO/FEDIAF) should be cross-referenced for species-specific maxima.\n\n## Scope note / honest gap\n\nParaphrase of an EFSA opinion; full intake modelling is not reproduced. Source XML licence tag was CC-BY-ND, so this topic quotes only data points verbatim and rewrites prose.\n","sources":["OFT3 — EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D: 100 μg/day adults, 50 μg/day children, 25/35 μg/day infants (EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145) (retrieved 2026-08-06)"],"source":{"authority":"OFT3","title":"EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D: 100 μg/day adults, 50 μg/day children, 25/35 μg/day infants (EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145)","url":"https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8145","retrieved":"2026-08-06","ref":"","doc_type":"official PDF","source_document":"EFSA Journal 21(7):8145 — EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D: 100 μg/day adults, 50 μg/day children, 25/35 μg/day infants (EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145)","verification_file":"pdf-raw/efsa_l/PMC10407748.xml"},"source_document":"EFSA Journal 21(7):8145 — EFSA NDA — tolerable upper intake level (UL) for vitamin D: 100 μg/day adults, 50 μg/day children, 25/35 μg/day infants (EFSA Journal 2023;21(7):8145)","source_file":"pdf-raw/efsa_l/PMC10407748.xml","trust":{"authority_tier":"T1","fidelity":"paraphrase","license":null,"display_grade":"C"},"tokens_estimated":360,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}