{"topic_id":"EFSA_CONTAM_bromide_food_feed","category":"efsa","context":"---\ntopic_id: EFSA_CONTAM_bromide_food_feed\ncategory: efsa\ntitle: \"EFSA — bromide in food and feed: TDI 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw (UF 100 from RP 40 mg/kg bw/day); BMDL20 13–58 mg/kg bw/day (EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121)\"\nlang: en\nsource: \"EFSA scientific opinion, EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121 (DOI 10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9121)\"\nsource_file: pdf-raw/efsa_l/PMC11773346.xml\nsource_type: journal_article\ndate_parsed: 2026-08-06\ntokens_estimated: 418\nverified: true\nverification:\n  method: paraphrase\n  claims: 4\n  passed: 4\n  date: 2026-08-06\nsource_document: \"EFSA Journal 23:9121 — EFSA — bromide in food and feed: TDI 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw (UF 100 from RP 40 mg/kg bw/day); BMDL20 13–58 mg/kg bw/day (EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121)\"\ncitation:\n  authority: \"EFSA Scientific Committee / CONTAM\"\n  title: \"EFSA — bromide in food and feed: TDI 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw (UF 100 from RP 40 mg/kg bw/day); BMDL20 13–58 mg/kg bw/day (EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121)\"\n  url: \"https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9121\"\n  retrieved: \"2026-08-06\"\n  ref: \"EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121\"\n  doc_type: \"EFSA scientific opinion (Europe PMC OA full-text XML)\"\n  needs_review: false\nauthority_tier: T1\nauthority_tier_basis: \"T1:eu-body\"\nauthority_tier_date: 2026-08-06\n---\n# EFSA — bromide in food and feed\n\nSource: EFSA scientific opinion, EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121 (DOI 10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9121), retrieved 2026-08-06 via Europe PMC OA full-text XML. Paraphrase of an EFSA opinion that the source XML tags CC-BY-ND; per project COPYRIGHT_POLICY only facts/numbers/proper-nouns are quoted verbatim, sentences rewritten.\n\n## Editorial context (read this before using the data point)\n\nThis is the **EFSA** jurisdiction on **bromide in food and feed** (a contaminant from environmental sources, biocides, and veterinary medicines). Relevant to pet foods via feed materials. Read with the `efsa` contaminant endpoints.\n\n## Key findings (paraphrase; numbers and proper nouns verbatim from source)\n\n- The Panel established a **TDI of 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw**, derived by applying an **uncertainty factor of 100** to the **reference point of 40 mg Br-/kg bw per day**.\n- **BMDL20 values ranged from 13 to 58 mg Br-/kg bw per day**; the reference point was identified at **40 mg Br-/kg bw per day**.\n- A **NOAEL of 4 mg/kg bw per day** from experimental human studies, with **10-fold interindividual variability**, supported the TDI.\n- **Altered thyroid hormone concentrations** (reduced T4) is an **early critical effect of bromide**.\n\n## Pet-food relevance\n\nBromide can enter pet foods via contaminated feed materials; the TDI and the thyroid-hormone critical effect are the decision-relevant points. Cross-ref the existing `efsa` contaminant endpoints.\n\n## Scope note / honest gap\n\nParaphrase of an EFSA opinion; full BMD modelling is not reproduced. Source XML licence tag was CC-BY-ND, so this topic quotes only data points verbatim and rewrites prose.\n","sources":["OFT3 — EFSA — bromide in food and feed: TDI 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw (UF 100 from RP 40 mg/kg bw/day); BMDL20 13–58 mg/kg bw/day (EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121) (retrieved 2026-08-06)"],"source":{"authority":"OFT3","title":"EFSA — bromide in food and feed: TDI 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw (UF 100 from RP 40 mg/kg bw/day); BMDL20 13–58 mg/kg bw/day (EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121)","url":"https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2025.9121","retrieved":"2026-08-06","ref":"","doc_type":"official PDF","source_document":"EFSA Journal 23:9121 — EFSA — bromide in food and feed: TDI 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw (UF 100 from RP 40 mg/kg bw/day); BMDL20 13–58 mg/kg bw/day (EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121)","verification_file":"pdf-raw/efsa_l/PMC11773346.xml"},"source_document":"EFSA Journal 23:9121 — EFSA — bromide in food and feed: TDI 0.4 mg Br-/kg bw (UF 100 from RP 40 mg/kg bw/day); BMDL20 13–58 mg/kg bw/day (EFSA Journal 2025;23:9121)","source_file":"pdf-raw/efsa_l/PMC11773346.xml","trust":{"authority_tier":"T1","fidelity":"paraphrase","license":null,"display_grade":"C"},"tokens_estimated":360,"generated_at":null,"tip":"Use /api/v1/topics to discover more topics. /api/v1/nutrient for precise single-point queries. /api/v1/cross_compare for 2-3 standard comparisons."}